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Telomere length and telomere shortening are thought to be critical cellular attributes and processes that are related to an individual's life span and fitness. The general pattern across most taxa is that after birth telomere length gradually decreases with age. Telomere protection and restoration mechanisms are usually assumed to reduce the rate of shortening or at most keep telomere length const

Background: Congestion is associated with poor prognosis in cardiac amyloidosis (CA). The cardio-hepatic interaction and the prognostic impact of secondary liver affection by cardiac congestion in CA are poorly understood and require further characterisation. Methods: Participants of the amyloidosis cohort study AmyKoS at the Interdisciplinary Amyloidosis Centre of Northern Bavaria with proven tra

We tested the chondrogenic potential of demineralized allogeneic bone matrix (DABM) in the repair of osteochondral defects. In 42 adult rabbits, a 5-mm2 or 15-mm2 defect was created bilaterally in the intercondylar groove of distal femur. DABM was inserted directly in 37 defects, whereas in 35 it was inserted after previous placement in muscle for 4, 16, or 19 days. Another 12 defects were left em

In spite of the similar structural and genomic organization of human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), striking differences exist between them in terms of replication dynamics and clinical manifestation of infection. Although the pathomechanism of HIV-1 infection is well characterized, relatively few data are available regarding HIV-2 viral replication and its interaction wi

Measurements of the production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV at midrapidity with the ALICE detector are presented down to a transverse momentum (p T) of 0.2 GeV/c and up to p T = 35 GeV/c, which is the largest momentum range probed for inclusive electron measurements in ALICE. In p-Pb collisions, the production cross section and the nuclear modificati

The late Silurian Lau/Kozlowskii bioevent marks a time interval with substantial loss in marine biodiversity linked to the largest positive carbon isotope excursion (Mid-Ludfordian CIE; MLCIE) recorded in the Phanerozoic (δ13Ccarb peaks at +8–10‰). The positive δ13C excursion and the extinctions have been linked to increased marine productivity (ocean eutrophication), leading to increased organic

In E. coli cells ribosomal small subunit biogenesis is regulated by RNA-protein interactions involving protein S7. S7 initiates the subunit assembly interacting with 16S rRNA. During shift-down of rRNA synthesis level, free S7 inhibits self-translation by interacting with 96 nucleotides long specific region of streptomycin (str) mRNA between cistrons S12 and S7 (intercistron). Many bacteria do not

The Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC) project focuses on processes related to the closure of the Iapetus Ocean, causing the Ordovician–Silurian continent– continent collision between Baltica and Laurentia. The rock succession in the second drill core (COSC-2) from the Jämtland County, central Sweden, provides the base for detailed sedimentological, stratigraphic, geophysic

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and anxiety disorders are early-onset mental disorders characterized by selective attention and strong emotional reactions. Attentional bias has been proposed to play a role in the development, onset, and maintenance of the disorders, but few studies have included youth with mental disorders, and no study has included more than one clinical group, making it uncl

The major inhibitor of the cysteine class of proteinases found in human body fluids, such as spinal fluid, milk, and seminal plasma, is cystatin C. In this study we show that human bronchoalveolar fluid also contains cystatin C and examine cystatin C expression by alveolar macrophages in vitro. Immunoprecipitation of extracts of metabolically labeled cells and immunoblotting of cellular extracts a

Cystatin C, a 13 kDa-protein, is produced by most nucleated cells and is catabolized by the renal tubular cells after passing the glomerular filter. It belongs to the family 2 of the cystatin superfamily of proteins. The function of cystatin C is to regulate the activity of cysteine proteinases and cystatin C seems to be the main cysteine proteinase inhibitor of most investigated human biological

Aim: Studies have suggested that there is a difference in risk of local recurrence(LR) with circumferential resection margins (CRM) less than 1.0 mm. We aimed toexamine how exact resection margins affect LR risk.Method: Data from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry (SCRCR) were usedfor retrospective analysis of resected rectal cancers between 2005 and 2013. Primaryendpoint was LR.Results: 12146

The molecular form and immunochemical properties of the J chain populations released on reduction and carboxymethylation of normal human plasma, milk, saliva and of plasma containing IgA or IgM M-components were investigated. A procedure was devised to release the entire J chain population from these various sources and to produce immunochemically identical J chain populations containing only J ch

A common problem when studying groundwater contamination in low-income countries is that data required for a detailed risk assessment are limited. This study presents a method for assessment of the potential impact of groundwater contamination by total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in a data-scarce region. Groundwater modeling, using the MODFLOW, was used to simulate regional-scale flow pattern. Th

Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family of kinases and shares a highly conserved kinase domain with other mitogen-activated protein kinase family members. The activation of NLK contributes to the pathogenesis of Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA), reducing c-myb expression and mechanistic target of rapamycin activity, and is therefore a potential therapeutic ta

BACKGROUND: Tailored and culturally appropriate latent tuberculosis (TB) infection screening and treatment programs, including interventions against TB stigma, are needed to reduce TB incidence in low TB incidence countries. However, we lack insights in stigma related to latent TB infection (LTBI) among target groups, such as asylum seekers and refugees. We therefore studied knowledge, attitudes,

Homografts have long been used for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction. Tissue banks struggle to meet the clinical demand of tissue, with insufficient donor availability and strict recommendations on tissue quality with high proportions of discards. This study analyzes the long-term outcome of patients receiving a homograft with small fenestrations of the cusps or other structura

Background: Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are among the most vulnerable, and they require support to start their recovery. The design of the patient area in the ICU can play a prominent role in both the quality of care and patients’ recovery. The lighting environment has the opportunity to restore and strengthen the natural human circadian rhythm and health. Aim: To evaluate patients’ se

Sialylations are post-translational modifications of proteins and lipids that play important roles in many cellular events, including cell-cell interactions, proliferation, and migration. Tumor cells express high levels of sialic acid (SA), which are often associated with the increased invasive potential in clinical tumors, correlating with poor prognosis. To overcome the lack of natural SA-recept