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BACKGROUND: Perinatal characteristics are associated with subsequent risk of several chronic diseases. Previous studies regarding endometriosis were based on small samples and retrospective data and were limited by unmeasured confounding bias, leading to conflicting and inconclusive findings. We investigated the associations of maternal and birth characteristics with risk of endometriosis among Sw

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is largely considered an autoimmune disease leading to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Further, patients with T1D have 3–4-fold increased risk of developing micro- and macrovascular complications. However, the contribution of immune-related factors contributing to these diabetes complications are poorly understood. Individuals with long-term T1D who d

Several studies have reported associations of hypertension with cancer, but not all results were conclusive. We examined the association of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure with the development of incident cancer at all anatomical sites in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals) were estimated using mu

Background: The life expectancy of pancreatic cancer patients remains minimal. The disease progression may be influenced by type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inflammatory status, although important gaps persist around their joint effects on disease outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of the tumour immune microenvironment on pancreatic cancer prognosis in relation to

A growing body of literature on the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is becoming available, but a synthesis of available data has not been conducted. We performed a scoping review of currently available clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and chest imaging data related to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, Scopus and LILACS from 01 January 2019 to 24 Feb

The relative contribution of different microbial groups to soil organic matter (SOM) turnover and utilisation of rhizodeposits during a cropping season has remained largely unknown. We used a long-term field experiment (started in 1956), in which C3 crops were replaced with C4 silage maize in 2000, to investigate dynamics of fungi and bacterial groups and their utilisation of ‘young-C4’ and ‘old-C

Background: Familial breast cancer risk studies usually overlook the dynamic nature of family history. Methods: The authors assessed the effect of incorporating the timing of cancer diagnosis events into the assessment of familial risks of breast cancer in first-degree and second-degree relatives in a nationwide cohort study of 5,099,172 women (follow-up was between 1958-2015). Family history was

Hip geometry is an important predictor of fracture. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS studies in adults to identify genetic variants that are associated with proximal femur geometry phenotypes. We analyzed four phenotypes: (i) femoral neck length; (ii) neck-shaft angle; (iii) femoral neck width, and (iv) femoral neck section modulus, estimated from DXA scans using algorithms of hip structure a

Introduction: Low aerobic fitness, low muscular strength, and obesity have been associated with premature mortality, but their interactive effects are unknown. This study examined interactions among these common, modifiable factors, to help inform more-effective preventive interventions. Methods: This national cohort study included all 1,547,478 military conscripts in Sweden during 1969-1997 (97%-

Introduction: ECG-derived vectorcardiography (VCG) has diagnostic and prognostic value in various diseases. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetic disease with unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy, is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young persons. Genotype positive status is associated with increased risk of systolic dysfunction, heart failure, and (SCD). H

PURPOSE: Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy (CHT) is standard of care in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC); however, no predictive molecular biomarkers are available for clinical use. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of molecular subtypes in relation to treatment response and survival in patients with mUC treated with first-line CHT.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Molecular subtype

BACKGROUND: European guidelines recommend the use of a 0h/1h hs-cTn (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin) protocol in patients with acute chest pain. We aimed to determine the performance of this protocol in routine care when supplemented with patient history and ECG and a recommendation to refrain from noninvasive testing in low-risk patients.METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a pre- and postimplementat

The standard prognostic marker for multiple myeloma (MM) patients is the revised International Staging System (R-ISS). However, there is room for improvement in guiding treatment. This applies particularly to older patients, in whom the benefit/risk ratio is reduced because of comorbidities and subsequent side effects. We hypothesized that adding gene-expression data to R-ISS would generate a stro

An association between high Galectin-4 (Gal-4) and prevalence of diabetes in subjects with heart failure (HF) has previously been reported. The purpose of this study was to confirm these findings, as well as to further investigate this association, in a Swedish HF population. In addition, a second aim was to explore Gal-4’s association with obesity and biomarkers of metabolism and heart failure. G

Background: Subgroups of adult-onset diabetes, namely severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), and mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) or mild age-related (MARD) diabetes, have been defined with clinical variables and a machine-learning approach. Our aim was to describe their long-term outcomes and mortality. Methods: In

Background Although the role of smoking as a risk factor for emphysema in α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is well known, never-smokers with severe AATD may also develop lung disease, ranging from mild asymptomatic disease to severe emphysema. Methods We performed a cross-sectional and observational study to analyse the characteristics of the population of never-smoker severe AATD (genotype) indiv

Objectives: Within the first phase of developing classification criteria for Early-stage Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis, among individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) we explored: 1) symptoms within the first year of noticing their knee(s); 2) features that indicated OA was the cause; and 3) timing and reasons that initially prompted seeking healthcare. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional on

Background Bariatric metabolic surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB] and sleeve gastrectomy [SG]) effectively treats obesity and type 2 diabetes; however, weight loss varies, necessitating predictive factors. Methods We analysed 12- and 24-month weight loss data from 811 patients (RYGB or SG). Factor Analysis of Mixed Data and neural network (NN) modelling identified distinct patient phenotypes