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Previous research shows that wars contributed to the expansion of state revenues in the Early Modern period and in the twentieth century. There are, however, few cross-national studies on the long nineteenth century. Using new unbalanced panel data on wars and public revenues from 1816 to 1913 for 27 American and European countries, this article provides new evidence that military conflicts very r

In this paper, we investigate the long-term post-event stock return performance of companies operating in the IT sector and listed on NASDAQ Stockholm by using 78 mergers and acquisitions deals performed in the 2009 – 2013 period. We apply the event study methodology, focusing on the buy-and-hold abnormal returns approach. Stock return performance is analyzed in comparison to the Swedish general m

Due to the tendency among managers to focus on operational performance at the cost of strategic long-term objectives, the purpose of this study has been to shed light on how a company can, by focusing on its people and taking a step forward from “customer first” focus to “people first” as a strategy, ensure sustainable performance. There are different theoretical viewpoints of how companies view t

In this thesis, the short- and long-term event study methodology are applied in order to assess whether M&As, in the pharmaceutical industry, create any abnormal return for the acquirer. The majority of the previous research finds a negative abnormal return but the short-term event study seems to generate slightly positive abnormal returns outside the U.S. There is a limited amount of research

We hypothesized that positive airway pressure treatment would induce nasal obstruction and decrease nasal cavity due to mucosal swelling. We further hypothesized that subjective and objective nasal obstruction at baseline would negatively affect positive airway pressure adherence. A total of 728 patients with sleep apnea were investigated in the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort at baseline and 2 years

Aim. Plasma total adiponectin is a marker of insulin resistance, but its role in predicting cardiovascular events is unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of adiponectin as a predictor of cardiovascular risk in middle-aged men, and to describe the association between adiponectin and glucose metabolism. Methods. In this population-based prospective study of middle-aged men (n=3885), total adipo

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a heterogenic non-Hodgkin lymphoma entity, with a median survival of about 5 years. In 2008 we reported the early based on the median observation time of 4 years results of the Nordic Lymphoma Group MCL2 study of frontline intensive induction immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), with more than 60% event-free survival at 5 years, and no s

As we grapple with the existential threat of global climate change and biodiversity collapse, there is a growing recognition to address the ever-growing levels of consumption. There is an urgent need to clamp down on the excessive levels of lifestyle emissions fuelled by individuals in the developed world along with the growing middle class in the developing parts for us to have any chances of hav

While there exists a large literature on mortality inequalities by an individual’s level of education and other socioeconomic characteristics this thesis looks at the relationship between the children’s level of education and parents’ mortality, which has been relatively less studied. I use longitudinal data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) for the years 2004-2017

In the search for grasping how the everyday life experience for people with a disability is shaped in relation to the local social and political complexities in Cobija/Pando four themes are crucial to understand. Firstly, illustrating how the rhetorical definition of disability removes the wrongfulness or responsibility from the shoulders of the individual to an exclusive social environment. Even

Avian migration is based on a genetically inherited, endogenous programme which encodes the spatio-temporal information necessary for naive individuals to perform their first migration. The mechanism responsible for the temporal aspect of migration includes both endogenous clocks and responses to external cues to generate timing programmes. Of all the external cues involved, photoperiod has the g

The EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) is a cornerstone of the union’s strategy to mitigate climate change and innovation is integral to emissions reduction, as well as an aim of the policy. To study if the EU ETS is associated with increased innovation, the Swedish Pulp and Paper Industry (PPI) poses an interesting case. Not only is Sweden itself a leading innovator, but its PPI have rapidly reduc

Various ecosystems, including shallow lakes, are suggested to possess alternative stable state dynamics. The response of such systems to environmental change is non-linear and not fully reversible, which calls for identification of feedback mechanisms and subtle changes connected to structural stability. Here, we used a 25-year data series on water chemistry to make inferences on processes prior t

Large uncertainty exists in model projections of the land carbon (C) sink response to increasing atmospheric CO2. Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiments lasting a decade or more have investigated ecosystem responses to a step change in atmospheric CO2 concentration. To interpret FACE results in the context of gradual increases in atmospheric CO2 over decades to centuries, we used a suite of se

Ammonium nutrition has been suggested to be associated with alterations in the oxidation-reduction state of leaf cells. Herein, we show that ammonium nutrition in Arabidopsis thaliana increases leaf NAD(P)H/NAD(P)(+) ratio, reactive oxygen species content and accumulation of biomolecules oxidized by free radicals. We used the method of rapid fractionation of protoplasts to analyse which cellular c

In this chapter we examine how we can deepen our understanding and expertise as higher education teachers through ongoing personal and professional development, building on the notion in Chapter Three that ‘Our teaching is always in the process of developing’. The chapter begins with an overview of what it means to develop our ‘expertise’ in higher education teaching and puts this in relation to t