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Krami is a place and organization in central Malmö that helps criminals and addicts to find employment with the goal of becoming self-sufficient and changing their lifestyle. What originates in a criminal context can often be understood as the same reason why the same person wants to change. Family and one's own children are a major driving force in carrying out this complex and individual pro
The need for information about climate change is great. This information is usually based on climate model data, which often have systematic biases. Furthermore, climate information is based on ensembles of climate models, which raises the question about how such ensembles are affected by the choice of models and emission scenarios. Here, we aim to describe climate change in Sweden and neighbourin
Lifetimes of photoexcited charge transfer (CT) states in transition metal chromophores are influenced by low-lying ligand field (LF) excited states, especially for 3d metal complexes. To manipulate interactions between LF and CT states, it is important to be able to control LF excited state energies using tunable synthetic variables. In this report, we use Fe 2p3d L3-edge resonant inelastic X-ray
The growing vulnerability of cities to extreme heat underscores the urgency of effective urban adaptation policies. Despite the progress in developing urban climate policies and strategies, there remains a significant disparity between intended goals and actual outcomes. This could entrench social and climate vulnerabilities that are costly and challenging to address, potentially resulting in rein
Early-life adversity negatively affects morbidity and survival in late life, but knowledge is limited about effects on women’s reproduction and reproductive health. To deepen our understanding of the full effects of disease exposure in early life, including long-term consequences, we study women’s reproductive outcomes and their offspring’s health. Using the Scanian Economic Demographic Database a
The extreme volatility and pronounced non-stationarity of cryptocurrency prices challenge traditional time-series models and motivate the use of deep learning. This thesis addresses three focused research questions: (i) Do gated recurrent neural networks (GRNNs) produce more accurate one-day-ahead Bitcoin return predictions than feedforward neural networks and linear benchmarks? (ii) Can a GRNN ba
A dynamic, process-oriented, deterministic and phosphorus-based model was developed to simulate the food web dynamics of Lake Ringsjön, in particular the long-term effects of biomanipulation in terms of reduction of omnivorous fish. The model contains 14 state variables, each with a differential equation describing sources and sinks of phosphorus. The state variables encompass piscivorous and omni
Community mobility, defined as "moving [ones] self in the community and using public or private transportation", has a unique ability to promote older peoples' wellbeing by enabling independence and access to activity arenas for interaction with others. Early predictors of decreased community mobility among older men and women are useful in developing health promoting strategies. However, long-ter
The calibration theorem by Rabin [Rabin, M., 2000a. Risk aversion and expected utility theory: A calibration theorem. Econometrica 68, 1281-1292; Rabin, M., 2000b. Diminishing marginal utility of wealth cannot explain risk aversion. In: Kahneman, D., Tversky, A. (Eds.), Choices, Values and Frames. Cambridge University Press] implies that seemingly plausible small-stake choices under risk imply imp
Popular Abstract in Swedish Undersökning av bihåleventilation med 133-xenon washout teknik och gammakamera med tomografi, gör det möjligt att mäta ventilationen även i de djupa bihålorna som bakre ethmoidalsinus och sphenoidalsinus. Mätningar visar reproducerbara resultat hos friska försökspersoner där normala variationer i näsandningsmotstånd och kroppsläge ej påverkar mätresultaten. BihåleventilA noninvasive 133-xenon washout technique was used to evaluate the ventilation of the paranasal sinuses in healthy subjects and in patients with sinus disease. A mixture of air and 133-xenon is insufflated into the nasal cavities and passage into the sinuses is facilitated by a pressure increase created by letting the subjects inflate a balloon. A scintillation camera allowing single photon emissi
The cerebellar cortex is necessary for adaptively timed conditioned responses (CRs) in eyeblink conditioning. During conditioning, Purkinje cells acquire pause responses or "Purkinje cell CRs" to the conditioned stimuli (CS), resulting in disinhibition of the cerebellar nuclei (CN), allowing them to activate motor nuclei that control eyeblinks. This disinhibition also causes inhibition of the infe
Phthalates are ubiquitous industrial chemicals that have been associated with altered reproductive function in rodents. Several human studies have reported an inverse association between male testosterone and phthalate levels. Our aim was to investigate time to pregnancy (TTP) according to serum levels of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) metabolites in both partners. I
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fem stycken artiklar som analyserar och estimerar finansiella prisprocesser. Alla artiklarna handlar också om stokastiska volatilitetsprocesser som estimeras med Bayesiansk statistik och Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) metoder. Det första pappret utvecklar en modell för att mäta den amerikanska och de regionala europeiska aktiemarknadernas påverkThis dissertation consists of five papers concerned with the estimation and analysis of financial price processes. The first paper develops a stock price model and analyzes the impact of the US and the regional European stock markets on the local European countries’ stock markets. Among several things, we find that the dependencies among the stock markets do not increase during periods of distress
Abstract in Spanish A pesar de que el mercado laboral sueco ha permanecido relativamente intacto durante la crisis económica en los últimos seis años, la integración de personas con capacidad laboral reducida a causa de discapacidades es significativamente menor que la de otros grupos sociales. La legislación sueca sobre discapacidad y trabajo cubre varios aspectos en medidas de integración, antidEven though the Swedish labour market has been more or less intact during the financial crisis in the past six years, persons with reduced working capacity due to disabilities are significantly less integrated in the labour market than other groups in society. Swedish legislation on disability and work provides for a number of different aspects of integrative measures, anti-discrimination and prov
In a broad range of species-including humans-it has been demonstrated that telomere length declines throughout life and that it may be involved in cell and organismal senescence. This potential link to ageing and thus to fitness has triggered recent interest in understanding how variation in telomere length is inherited and maintained. However, previous studies suffer from two main drawbacks that
The article discusses the identity, roles, and duties of the professional historian in an era in which the historical dimension is no longer a historian's monopoly. It is argued that the standard modern framework of understanding a historian as someone highly specialized in the production of 'new' history has to give way to a new understanding that situates the historian in historical culture, whi
Cellulose, a polysaccharide consisting of beta-1,4-linked glucose, is the major component of plant cell walls and consequently one of the most abundant biopolymers on earth. Carbohydrate polymers such as cellulose are molecules with vast diversity in structure and function, and a multiplicity of hydrolases operating in concert are required for depolymerisation. The bacterium Rhodothermus marinus,
Researchers studying individual variation in conspicuous skin coloration in primates have suggested that color indicates male quality. Although primate fur color can also be flamboyant, the potential condition dependence and thus signaling function of fur remains poorly studied. We studied sources of variation in sexually dichromatic facial hair coloration in red-fronted lemurs (Eulemur fulvus ruf
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cykeln som transportmedel har många fördelar för individ och samhälle. Det är ett mycket energisnålt transportmedel, det förorenar inte, bullrar inte, tar liten plats och ger dem som cyklar välbefinnande och motion. Om fler cyklade istället för att åka bil skulle detta medföra trevligare stadsmiljöer. Ökad cykling hade också kunnat bidra till en ökad folkhälsa. För närThis work presents an evaluation of bicycle lane effects on cyclist safety and the ability of bicycles to compete with car traffic. Thirteen Swedish urban streets were studied before and after bicycle lanes were introduced. Data was collected using video recordings, speed studies, road side questionnaires/interviews with cyclists/car drivers, conflict studies and accident analysis. Results showed
Abstract in Undetermined Assume that in periods with stochastic demand remain until the next replenishment arrives at a central warehouse. How should the available inventory be allocated among N retailers? This paper presents a new policy and a new lower bound for the expected cost of this problem. The lower bound becomes tight as N -> infinity. The infinite horizon problem then decomposes into N
