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STUDY DESIGN: Observational cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate by MRI whether a vertebral fracture during childhood is a risk factor for degeneration of adjacent discs. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Several studies infer that trauma is a major cause of disc degeneration. Only 1 study has by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluated disc degeneration in children with a former thoracic or lumbar ve

The European Association of Urology Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) guidelines panel updated their recommendation on adjuvant therapy in unfavourable, clinically nonmetastatic RCC following the recently reported results of a second randomised controlled phase 3 trial comparing 1-yr sunitinib to placebo for high-risk RCC after nephrectomy (S-TRAC). On the basis of conflicting results from the two availa

This doctoral thesis is comprised of five parts which deal with different signal processing problems in ECG-based characterization of atrial arrhythmias. Such characterization requires that the ventricular activity has first been cancelled in the ECG. In Part I, a new method for cancellation of the QRST complexes in recordings with atrial fibrillation is presented. The method is based on a spatiot

Possibilities to develop human monoclonal antibody specificities have recently been much facilitated by improvements of human hybridoma technology but even more so by the emerging phage-display technique. However, until recently very little has been known about the characteristics at the molecular level of the induced, T cell-dependent human antibody response, frequently targeted by these techniqu

The use of 18S rDNA sequences for inferring phylogenies, in particular for higher taxonomic level analysis, has a long tradition in phycology. Similar to ITS2, the 18S rDNA displays a conserved secondary structure that could be used simultaneously with the primary sequence to increase the amount of information used when inferring phylogenetic relationships. Sequence-structure phylogenetics is alre

Study Design. Observational cohort study. Objective. To evaluate by MRI whether a vertebral fracture during childhood is a risk factor for degeneration of adjacent discs. Summary of Background Data. Several studies infer that trauma is a major cause of disc degeneration. Only 1 study has by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluated disc degeneration in children with a former thoracic or lumbar ve

Both competition law and intellectual property law are considered good for economic efficiency, but the interface between the two legal fields is, and probably always will be, a complex area of law, since these legal areas in one sense can be said to strive for the opposite things. Intellectual property rights are considered public goods, which mean that it is hard to prevent others from using the

Det här arbetet har genomförts som en fallstudie där transportförpackningarna, wellpapplåda och returback, för Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram har studerats i ett antal olika flöden från produktion och ut till slutanvändare. Datainsamlingen har skett genom intervjuer och observationer hos var och en av de aktörer som ingår i de studerade flödena. Syftet har varit att undersöka hur väl wellpappThis project has been conducted with a case study approach. The studied objects are two different transport packages for the product Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram, which is a Swedish liver paste. One of the transport packages is made of corrugated cardboard while the other one is a returnable plastic box that can be used over and over again. The packages have been studied during their way fr

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are becoming increasingly popular in traction applications. PMSMs have gained popularity due to their efficiency, compactness and excellent features related to control. This is mainly because of the permanent magnet placement in the rotor, which negates any additional rotor excitation, hence reducing energy losses considerably. This makes them more effic

BACKGROUND: Traditional models to predict intensive care outcomes do not perform well in COVID-19. We undertook a comprehensive study of factors affecting mortality and functional outcome after severe COVID-19.METHODS: In this prospective multicentre cohort study, we enrolled laboratory-confirmed, critically ill COVID-19 patients at six ICUs in the Skåne Region, Sweden, between May 11, 2020, and M

Spatial (memory) update strategies depend on situational factors, such as availability of external information, familiarity with the environment, and cognitive demand. Of key interest to this research is the multimodal integration of environmental and individual characteristics in visuospatial update and reorientation in situations of extensive (embodied) rotational locomotion in naturalistic cond

Under senare år har en ökning av allvarlig brottslighet bland lagöverträdare under 15 år i Sverige konstaterats. Efter riksdagsvalet 2022 presenterade den nytillträdda regeringen, med stöd av Sverigedemokraterna, att bekämpning av ung-domskriminalitet skulle utgöra en av mandatperiodens mest prioriterade frå-gor. I september 2025 remitterade Justitiedepartementet ett utkast till lagråds-remiss om In recent years, Sweden has seen an increase in serious criminal activity among juveniles under 15 years of age. After the 2022 election, the newly elected government, with the support of the Sweden Democrats, identified the fight against juvenile crime as a top priority. In September 2025, the Swedish Department of Justice submitted a draft proposal referral to the Council on Legislation, proposi

Background: Musculoskeletal pain is among the most common reasons for seeking care, specialist competence for its treatment in primary care limited and waiting lists for orthopaedics often amongst the longest. Many referrals to orthopaedics do not concern disorders that benefit from surgery. Manual therapy is effective, yet not integrated in national health care systems, and there is a lack of res

PURPOSE: Exercise during chemotherapy has beneficial long-term effects on women with breast cancer, but short-term beneficial changes have been less investigated. Though short-term changes may be important as a encouraging factor, this study aimed to investigate immediate changes in self-reported energy, stress, nausea and pain following a single exercise session during chemotherapy.METHODS: Forty

Background: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are suggested to affect human fecundity through longer time to pregnancy (TTP). We studied the relationship between four abundant PFAS and TTP in pregnant women from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine representing varying PFAS exposures and pregnancy planning behaviors. Methods: We measured serum levels of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfo

People with a refugee background are at significantly increased risk of mental health difficulties, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). There is a large evidence base showing that trauma-focused psychological treatments for PTSD are effective. However, the majority of trials do not include refugees and less is known about how refugees respond to treatment. The present report explores

Context. The star HD 139139 (a.k.a. ‘the Random Transiter’) is a star that exhibited enigmatic transit-like features with no apparent periodicity in K2 data. The shallow depth of the events (-200 ppm - equivalent to transiting objects with radii of -1.5 R⊕ in front of a Sun-like star) and their non-periodicity constitute a challenge for the photometric follow-up of this star. Aims. The goal of thi