Filetype
Recently, a 1.83 Å crystallographic structure of nitrogenase was suggested to show N2-derived ligands at three sites in the catalytic FeMo cluster, replacing the three μ2 bridging sulfide ligands (two in one subunit and the third in the other subunit) (Kang et al. in Science 368: 1381–1385, 2020). Naturally, such a structure is sensational, having strong bearings on the reaction mechanism of the e
Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has major societal impacts in South and East Asia, but its spatiotemporal variations are not well understood, mainly because of the sparsely distributed in situ observation sites. With the help of the Global Precipitation Measurement satellite product IMERG and the ERA5 dataset, distinct precipitation seasonality features over the TP were objectively cla
Background: Palliative care focuses on identifying, from a holistic perspective, the needs of those experiencing problems associated with life-threatening illnesses. As older people approach the end of their lives, they can experience a complex series of problems that health-care professionals must identify and document in their patients’ records. Documentation is thus important for ensuring high-
Understanding the dynamics of ligands bound to proteins is an important task in medicinal chemistry and drug design. However, the dominant technique for determining protein-ligand structures, X-ray crystallography, does not fully account for dynamics and cannot accurately describe the movements of ligands in protein binding sites. In this article, an alternative method, ensemble refinement, is use
Recycling polymers by site-specific scission into short-chain oligomers/polymers, followed by recoupling these to form the original polymer presents an energetically more favorable shorter-loop chemical recycling in comparison to recycling into monomers. Here, we present the synthesis and polymerization of triaromatic diesters to prepare polyesters with acylhydrazone units as weak structural links
Rationale & Objective: Use of cystatin C in addition to creatinine to estimate glomerular filtration rate (estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C [eGFRcys] and estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine [eGFRcr], respectively) is increasing. When eGFRcr and eGFRcys are discordant, it is not known which is more accurate, leading to uncertainty in clinical decisio
PURPOSE Effective treatments are needed for melanoma that progresses on inhibitors of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1). We conducted the phase II LEAP-004 study to evaluate the combination of the multikinase inhibitor lenvatinib and the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in this population (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03776136).METHODSEligible patients with unresectable
The history of rail transport can offer valuable insights for future energy transitions due to its importance in promoting clean mobility. There is a complex interplay between the evolution of the railway network, fuel consumption, efficiency, energy service, and CO2 emissions that requires further exploration. We developed a dataset that covers energy use in all stages of rail transportation, as
Sugar beet molasses is a low-value byproduct from the sugar industry. It contains significant amounts of sucrose (approx. 50% (w/w)), which can be used for many different applications, for example, as feedstock for the production of fuel (as ethanol) and biobased chemicals such as 5-hydoxymethyl furfural (HMF). To produce platform chemicals, sucrose is hydrolyzed into its monomeric C6 sugars: gluc
This book examines how dukeship – the position of being a duke – was defined and negotiated in Sweden between the late 1550s and the early 1620s. The aim is to shed light on how the structural problem of royal spares, with dukes as pillars and perils of hereditary monarchy, influenced politics and the integration process of a ruling house. Through an institutional biography approach and a critical
The large-scale mass mobilizations and colossal demonstrations of the last decade have shown that digital and social media platforms, globally, now play significant roles in early formation and further facilitation of activist movements, interested in progressive causes and societal changes. However, the repercussions of the very same events have also clearly shown the shortcomings of mediatized a
Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) have emerged as one of the key players in the field of heavy metal-contaminated environmental bioremediation. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the metal biosorption potential of EPS produced by a novel Psychrobacillus strain, NEAU-3TGS, isolated from an iron ore deposit at Tamra iron mine, northern Tunisia. Genomic and pan-genomic analysis of NE
BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy have been confirmed by randomized trials, but current patient selection and outcome of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in large international cohorts is unknown. This study aimed to compare the use and outcome of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in North America, the Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden.ME
Background: Combined movement disorders often represent a diagnostic challenge. Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by genetic and clinical heterogeneity. A recurring p.(Glu303del)-deletion in TOR1A is a well-established cause for DYT-TOR1A (DYT1) dystonia. TOR1A encodes TorsinA, an AAA+ ATPase located in the nuclear envelope. Hemichorea-hemiballismus syndrome can occur after basal gangl
This thesis investigates superfluidity in exotic phases of ultracold bosonic gases, namely self-bound droplets, mixed bubbles, and dipolar supersolids. We investigated these systems analytically and numerically using an extended Gross-Pitaevskii and Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism. The dissertation offers six chapters, providing the necessary derivations to build the required background and underst
Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) exhibit a suite of stone handling behaviours (SHB, e.g. rolling, pounding, etc.) that lack an obvious instrumental function. As SHBs appear to be socially transmitted, previous research has focused on evolutionary theories of tool use and cumulative culture. It has been assumed that SHBs in general represent a form of solitary play whose function is to hone and m
Ecosystem models commonly use stable‐state assumptions to predict responses of soil microbial functions to environmental change. However, past climatic conditions can shape microbial functional responses resulting in a ‘legacy effect’. For instance, exposure to drier conditions in the field may shape how soil microbial communities respond to subsequent drought and drying and rewetting (DRW) ev
Tropical evergreen forests contribute an important part to the interannual variability (IAV) of the global terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP). Due to its year-round growing-season, high minimum carbon uptake (GPPmin) and dry season greening-up, the key processes driving the GPP variability across seasonal to interannual scale are still in debate. Here, we analyzed the time-series of FLUX
We exhibit families of 4-CNF formulas over n variables that have sums-of-squares (SOS) proofs of unsatisfiability of degree (a.k.a. rank) d but require SOS proofs of size nΩ ( d ) for values of d = d(n) from constant all the way up to nδ for some universal constant δ. This shows that the nO ( d ) running time obtained by using the Lasserre semidefini
