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According to the polygyny threshold model, females are compensated for the cost of sharing a territory with other females by breeding in territories of higher quality than those of monogamously mated females. In the polygynous Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus), the variation in territory quality may be associated with nest site characteristics or food supply. In this study, we examine
We present a novel technique to infer ground slope angle from waveform LiDAR, known as the independent slope method (ISM). The technique is applied to large footprint waveforms (similar to 60 m mean diameter) from the Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) to produce a slope dataset of near-global coverage at 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees resolution.
Mitochondria are the main site for energy conversion in the cell. Under certain circumstances, such as excess calcium retention or production of reactive oxygen species, a pore forms at contact sites between the outer and the normally impermeable inner mitochondrial membrane. The ensuing osmotic mitochondrial swelling and loss of bioenergetic function is referred to as the mitochondrial permeabili
Popular Abstract in Swedish En värld av mikrober Vi lever i en värld full av olika bakterier och svampar, så kallade mikrober. Med tanke på artrikedomen och mängden av infektiösa mikrober vi dagligen kommer i kontakt med kan det nästan tyckas som ett smärre mirakel att vi trots allt är så friska som vi är. Detta är dock nästan helt och hållet vårt medfödda immunförsvars förtjänst. Immunförsvaret
Aim An inverse relationship exists between vitamin D levels and diabetes mellitus However, little is known about the correlation of sun exposure habits and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) Methods A South Swedish cohort study comprising 1000 women from each age group between 25 and 64 (n = 40,000) drawn from the Southern Swedish population registry 1990-1992 At the inception of the study 74% answered
We show that the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic (EM) field enhancement can be probed directly via dynamic evolution of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules as they diffuse into Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles. The porous silica shell limits the diffusion of R6G molecules toward Inner Ag cores, thereby allowing direct observation and quantification
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine with asthma-like symptoms ("ski asthma") is frequent in elite cross-country skiers. To further the understanding of "ski asthma", 10 nonasthmatic, nonatopic controls and 30 adolescent elite skiers were investigated by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Nine skiers were atopic without allergy symptoms. Compared with controls, the macroscopic
Cellulose nanofibrils were produced from P. radiata kraft pulp fibers. The nanofibrillation was facilitated by applying 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl-mediated oxidation as pretreatment. The oxidized nanofibrils were cross-linked with polyethyleneimine and poly N-isopropylacrylamide-co-allylamine-co-methylenebisacrylamide particles and were frozen to form cryo-structured gels. Samples of th
This paper presents a double directional analysis of vehicle-to-vehicle channel measurements conducted in two different traffic environments. Using a high-resolution algorithm, we derive channel parameters like angle-of- arrival, angle-of-departure, propagation delay and Doppler’s spread and identify underlying propagation mechanisms by combining these estimates with maps of the measurement sites.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Pappersbrott i planet har studerats med hjälp av den kohesiva sprick modellen ur ett experimentellt såväl som ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv. Brott i en pappersremsa erhålls när remsan i en provmaskin belastas till sin maximala bärlast. Om remsan är tillräckligt kort fås en stabil nedåtgående last-förlängnigs kurva efter det att max lasten är nådd. Det visade sig att denThe in-plane failure of paper is studied in this work by means of a cohesive crack model from experimental as well as theoretical perspectives. Localized damage at in-plane tension of short paper strips is studied for low strain rates. It is observed that under uniaxial in-plane tensile tests, the evolution of the failure is stable and the damage of the paper strip is localized into a narrow zone
Popular Abstract in Swedish Studierna som presenteras i min avhandling visar att granmonokultur inte är uthålligt skogsbruk i en miljö med högt nedfall av kväve och svavel, som i södra Sverige. Markens näringskapital minskar p g a onaturligt hög tillväxt, orsakad av den höga kvävetillgången, och utlakning p g a markförsurning. När den begränsade tillgången på näring inte motsvarar trädens näringsbThe studies presented in my thesis indicate that growing Norway spruce in monoculture does not constitute sustainable forest management in a high N and S deposition environment, such as in southern Sweden. The combination of N-induced high growth rates and leaching due to soil acidification causes soil reserves of nutrients to decrease. This will increase the risk of nutrient imbalance within the
In response to stakeholder expectations from corporate social responsiblity (CSR), many firms create written policies about principles of social responsibility to be applied in their corporate activities. In this book, it is suggested that CSR could be integrated as part of the firm's marketing strategies. The perspective is that of a retail organisation. The retailer not only has immediate contac
Upptäcka gener inblandade i diabetes I många sjukdomar, så som diabetes, spelar människans gener en viktig roll i vem som insjuknar och hur utvecklingen sker. Därför är det viktigt att, i den mån det går, identifiera dessa gener så vid insjuknande, ge varje patient en mer specialiserad vård som kan bromsa sjukdomsförloppet. Diabetes är en metabolisk sjukdom där kroppen inte kan reglera glukoshaAbstract Aims/hypothesis Diabetes, a metabolic disease rapidly increasing worldwide, is triggered by both genetic and environmental factors. Longitudinal studies, such as the Malmö Prospective Project (MPP), give a unique opportunity to study life-long risk of developing a disease. In MPP, more than 2,000 individuals developed diabetes during a mean 25-year follow-up time. However, patients with
A rich palaeospinacid selachian fauna, comprising 1141 isolated teeth, has recently been collected from the latest Early Campanian strata ofthe Kristianstad Basin. Four palaeospinacid species have been found: Synechodus perssoni nov.sp., Synechodus lerichei Herman 1977, Paraorthacodus andersoni (Case 1978) and Paraorthacodus conicus (Davis 1890). The recovered material suggests that only ontogenet
The moss Hylocomium splendens has both sympodial and monopodial forms of growth. One aim of this study was to document the growth-form of shoots from different populations. A further aim was to discover the extent to which genetic or environmental factors determine whether monopodial or sympodial growth-form is predominant in a population. Switching between growth-forms within shoots occurs in mos
Background/Aims: Clinical short-term trails have shown positive effects of donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The outcome of continuous long-term treatment in the routine clinical settings remains to be investigated. Methods: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is a descriptive, prospective, longitudinal, multicentre study. Four hundred and thirty-five outpatients w
Low molecular weight organic carbon compounds are potentially important carbon and energy substrates to heterotrophic production in the aquatic environment. We studied the occurrence of dissolved free amino acids (AA), monosaccharides (CHO), and carboxylic acids (CA) in the subarctic Lake Diktar-Erik. The lake is unproductive with slightly humic water, and receives water via one major inlet stream
To investigate the possibility of simplifying electrocardiogram (ECG) recording in children, we compared waveforms in conventional 12-lead ECGs to those derived from EASI leads in 221 children of various ages. The conventional 12-lead ECGs and the ECGs using EASI electrode positions were collected simultaneously. We developed and determined the value of age-specific transformation coefficients for
Within the Dutch National Research Programme on Climate Change, the emission of methane from urban areas was considered to be one of the uncertain sources in the national methane budget. Amsterdam was chosen to be a representative urban area for methane emission assessment. An emission inventory was made and concentration fields were calculated using the Danish OML model. Calculated concentration
