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Remote sensing observations of variables related to vegetation at microwave and optical/infrared wavelengths are presented over three regions in Europe in the Iberian peninsula, northern Finland and central Europe. They include the instrumented sites of Las Majadas, Sodankyla and Reusel. The final goal is to better constrain land carbon cycle models using the complementarities of vegetation optica
Importance: Osteoarthritis is a prevalent, debilitating, and costly chronic disease for which recommended first-line treatment is underused.Objective: To compare the effect of an internet-based treatment for knee osteoarthritis vs routine self-management (ie, usual care).Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 2018 to March 2020. Participants in
Syndecan-2 is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that has a cell adhesion regulatory domain contained within its extracellular core protein. Cell adhesion to the syndecan-2 extracellular domain (S2ED) is β1 integrin dependent; however, syndecan-2 is not an integrin ligand. Here the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor CD148 is shown to be a key intermediary in cell adhesion to S2ED, with downstream β
While the glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) is fundamental to insulin-regulated glucose metabolism, its dynamic spatial organization in the plasma membrane (PM) is unclear. Here, using multicolor TIRF microscopy in transfected adipose cells, we demonstrate that insulin regulates not only the exocytosis of GLUT4 storage vesicles but also PM distribution of GLUT4 itself. In the basal state, domains (clu
For a whole century, citrate has been used as an in vitro anticoagulant via chelation of calcium. Later, also EDTA was introduced as an anticoagulant. An often overlooked fact is that zinc is bound to citrate and EDTA with affinities much greater than that for calcium, imposing problems in biomedical research. In vivo, proteins of the S100 family are released from leukocytes and known to bind calc
Background: Radiation Therapy (RT) is a common treatment after breast cancer surgery and a complex process using high energy X-rays to eradicate cancer cells, important in reducing the risk of local recurrence. The high-tech environment and unfamiliar nature of RT can affect the patient’s experience of the treatment. Misconceptions or lack of knowledge about RT processes can increase levels of anx
Study region: Finland divided into three subregions, each representing different environmental conditions. Study focus: This study investigates long-term changes in unregulated river discharge. Trends in high- and low-flow event volumes, magnitudes, timings, and frequencies are analysed across 36 gauging stations in 19 watershed areas from 1911 to 2021. The average measurement period for discharge
Lightweight and semi-transparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) offer bright promise for applications such as building integrated photovoltaics. Diluting donor content in bulk-heterojunction active layers to allow greater visible light transmittance (AVT) effectively enhances device transparency, yet the ineluctable compromise of the donor-phase continuity is challenging for efficient charge transp
Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI), exemplified by models such as ChatGPT, has rapidly advanced, becoming a significant force in various sectors, including higher education. ChatGPT, a leading application of Gen AI, utilizes large language models (LLMs) to generate human-like text, providing capabilities that range from answering complex questions to facilitating software development. As
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a persistent and ascensive global threat influenced by antibiotic misuse and overuse. In the Romanian context, patterns of antibiotic consumption and resistance within the healthcare system are marked in the red scenario on the European map. General practitioners and pharmacists, among others, play a major role in stewardship towards AMR.Aim:
Policies introduced by the Chinese government in the name of fighting terrorism, religious extremism and separatism have significantly reshaped the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR)–even though securitization has not brought the ‘stability’ that the PRC government claims in its continuous defense of its policies. Analysis of Chinese legal documents can provide a clearer picture of the gover
Feces is an abundant, rich source of energy, utilized by a myriad of organisms, not least by members of the order Diptera, i.e., flies. How Drosophila melanogaster reacts to fecal matter remains unclear. Here, we examined oviposition behavior toward a range of fecal samples from mammals native to the putative Southeast African homeland of the fly. We show that D. melanogaster display a strong ovip
Concentration of nutrients and balance between nutrients in trees can affect tree vitality, and are dependent on soil conditions and atmospheric deposition. The aim of this investigation was to survey the concentration of nutrients in beech bark and to look for relationships with the frost sensitivity of the bark. Beech trees with bark lesions were compared to undamaged beech trees on five experim
Background: Evidence from twin and molecular genetic studies is accumulating that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) shares substantial etiological factors with other disorders. This is mirrored in clinical practice where ASD without coexisting disorders is rare. The present study aims to examine the range of coexisting disorders in ASD in a genetically informative cohort. Methods: Parents of all Swed
Introduction Alveolar dead space reflects phenomena that render arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide higher than that of mixed alveolar gas, disturbing carbon dioxide exchange. Right-to-left shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) leads to an alveolar dead space fraction (VdA(S)/VtA; where VtA is alveolar tidal volume). In acute respiratory distress syndrome, ancillary physiological disturbances may include
Anaerobic digestion of dewatered-sewage sludge using continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) in duplicates was evaluated under thermophilic (50 degrees C) and mesophilic (37 degrees C) conditions over a range of nine solid retention times (SRTs). The 35- and 30-day SRTs were designed to simulate a full-scale plant operation while 25-, 20-, 15- and 12-day SRTs were planned to evaluate process perf
In the present study, mesoscale simulations of grain growth in UO2 are performed using a 2D level set representation of the polycrystal grain boundary network, employed in a finite element setting. Anisotropic grain boundary properties are considered by evaluating how grain boundary energy and mobility varies with local grain boundary character. This is achieved by considering different formulatio
To describe outcomes, treatment and prognostic factors that influence survival of adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), who relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), we retrospectively analyzed 465 ALL adult patients from European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) centers who relapsed after a first HCT performed in complete remission (CR1
