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Soil temperature (Ts) change is a key indicator of the dynamics of permafrost. On seasonal and interannual timescales, the variability of Ts determines the active-layer depth, which regulates hydrological soil properties and biogeochemical processes. On the multi-decadal scale, increasing Ts not only drives permafrost thaw/retreat but can also trigger and accelerate the decomposition of soil organ
Human embryonic skin fibroblasts were pretreated with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) for 6 h and then labeled with [35S]sulphate and [3H]leucine for 24 h. Radiolabeled proteoglycans from the culture medium and the cell layer were isolated and separated by isopycnic density-gradient centrifugation, followed by gel, ion-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction chromatography. The major prote
Introduction: Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with early death, its life expectancy differs greatly between patients. A better understanding of this heterogeneity may reveal important disease mechanisms underlying the malignancy of AD. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between AD pathologies and early death in AD caused by dementia. Methods: At a memory clinic, 247
Popular Abstract in Swedish Mineraler fås från både fast och flytande föda. De senaste årtiondena har bordsvattenkonsumtionen ökat, och vattnets kemiska innehåll har alltmer kommit i fokus. Studier visar dessutom att grönsakers mineralinnehåll har minskat, vilket ökar betydelsen av mineralintag från annat håll. Den här doktorsavhandlingen omfattar fyra olika studier. I den första studien undersökMineral elements in drinking water have been in focus for more than a decade, especially as the habit of drinking bottled water has increased, not the least among young people. Minerals in drinking water have become more important since minerals in food, especially in vegetables, have decreased substantially the last decades. This thesis includes four different studies. In the first study 20 munic
Popular Abstract in Swedish Radiojodbehandling av sköldkörteln är den vanligaste radiofarmakaterapin. För att beräkna aktiviteten 131I som krävs för att ge en viss stråldos till sköldkörteln behöver sköldkörtelns massa och den individuella biokinetiken bestämmas. Biokinetiken består vanligtvis av det individuella upptaget av jodid och den biologiska halveringstiden av jod i sköldkörteln. Den bioloRadioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism is the most frequently performed radiopharmaceutical therapy. To calculate the activity of 131-I to be administered for giving a certain absorbed dose to the thyroid, the mass of the thyroid and the individual biokinetic data, normally in the form of uptake and biologic half-time, have to be determined. The biologic half-time is estimated from several uptake
Objectives To evaluate in a prospective, randomized clinical trial (RCT), symptom response among obese knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients following a feasible. intensive weight-loss program for 16 weeks Methods Eligible patients were obese [body mass index (BMI)> 30 kg/m(2)], >50 years old, with primary knee OA Participants were randomized to either a very-low-energy diet (VLED) or a low-energy die
The evolution of phases over time during freezing and thawing of unconfined Na- and Ca-montmorillonites (Wyoming, MX-80) was studied with time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The clay samples were: (i) powder equilibrated to ambient atmosphere and (ii) pastes of 30 mass% montmorillonite in pure water. The phases were characterised in-situ using a stream of nitrogen gas for temperature cont
PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and causes of visual impairment in children born prematurely in Finland from 1972 through 1989, and to determine what conditions and factors were associated with its occurrence. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: All visually impaired individuals from 0 to 17 years of age who had been born at fewer than 37 gestational weeks in Finland from
Background: Craniopharyngioma is a parasellar tumour that, although benign, tends to behave aggressively. It can occur at any age but most commonly presents in childhood or adolescence. Objectives: to investigate the frequency and severity of problems associated with craniopharyngioma, using the large international database (KIMS) for adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD), and to assess the diff
A double-blind, randomised, parallel group, multicentre, multinational study compared the effects of 12 months' treatment with lisinopril (10-20 mg once daily) or nifedipine retard tablets (20-40 mg twice daily) in 239 males (aged 18-75 years) and 96 post-menopausal females (aged 40-75 years). They all had a history of clinically stable type II diabetes > 3 months, microalbuminuria and early diabe
Background: The first tissues to be deprived of perfusion and oxygenation in a hypovolemic situation and the last ones to be reperfused are the subcutaneous tissue and the gastrointestinal mucosa. We hypothesized that measurements of subcutaneous tissue gases and pH might reflect simultaneous changes in oxygenation of the intestinal mucosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate tissue gases and pH
Bai Nuur (41 degrees 38.590'N, 114 degrees 30.922'E, similar to 1346 m a.s.l.) and Ulan Nuur (41 degrees 44.214'N, 115 degrees 05.630'E, similar to 1246 m a.s.l.) are two small lakes situated in the transition zone between semi-humid and semi-arid climate regimes that runs parallel to the present limit of the southeast monsoon along the southeastern Inner Mongolia Plateau in north China. A 215 cm-
IMPORTANCE The introduction of biological tumor necrosis factor inhibitors has improved the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but at a substantial cost. These drugs have been shown to lead to superior radiological outcomes compared with a combination of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs over 2 years. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether radiological superiority translates into be
Background: Life skills-based approaches are broadly used in HIV prevention programmes world-wide. However, evaluations of such programmes have found mixed evidence for their effects on indicators of safer sexual behaviour. Methods: Questionnaires of 4,381 participants of the Star for Life (SFL) life skills-based prevention programme in South African schools were analysed using binary logistic reg
Popular science summary: How do bacteria divide? Cell division is an absolute requirement for proliferation of all bacteria and results in the bacterium being split into two by a septum. FtsZ is a protein that plays a key role in bacterial cell division. In this project, one part of the FtsZ protein was investigated with genetic methods to understand how it affects the division process. Previou
An upcoming trend in the current IT-landscape is to outsource services to so called Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). However, many companies are still sceptical to this new kind of services, since they bring about a certain loss of control. For this reason, it is important for CSPs to show that their services are secure. There are several options in proving this and it is up to every CSP to choose
Popular science summary Are aerial drones the future for wild boar crop damage surveys? The wild boars are back, and they have returned in force. This is a rather recent trend since wild boars were extinct in Sweden until the 1970s and since then they have multiplied explosively, spreading all over central and southern Sweden. Their re-appearance has led to conflicts with human interests, namel
Agricultural intensification and its effect on spiders and their prey Spiders are abundant predators that can be very useful for biological control, as they eat insects that can damage crops. To study the potential of this group as biocontrol agents it is necessary to understand the trophic relationships and the factors that affect the distribution of both spiders and their prey. For this purpos
Controlling growth of a cell How incredible would it be to control growth of cells? One of the most basic mechanisms in life. This knowledge would be especially useful for treating threatening cells such as cancer cells or pathogenic bacteria. It would be lifesaving to understand and determine their growth. Here the focus is on growth of bacteria, particularly those belonging to the genus Strepto
Cooperation in soils can make a huge difference At a first glance, the coexistence of diverse plants in ecosystems seems to be completely harmonious. However, there is a high competence of these organisms for obtaining resources. In this scenario, most of the plants have decided to make a lifetime deal with fungi in order to ensure their development and survival. This symbiotic association is cal
