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Recent studies suggest that oncogenic processes (from precancerous lesions to metastatic cancers) are widespread in wild animal species, but their importance for ecosystem functioning is still underestimated by evolutionary biologists and animal ecologists. Similar to what has been observed in humans, environmental modifications that often place wild organisms into an evolutionary trap and/or expo
Linac calibration is done in water, but patients are comprised primarily of soft tissue. Conceptually, and specified in NRG/RTOG trials, dose should be reported as dose-to-muscle to describe the dose to the patient. Historically, the dose-to-water of the linac calibration was often converted to dose-to-muscle for patient calculations through manual application of a 0.99 dose-to-water to dose-to-mu
Dispersal is a key process affecting population persistence and major factors affecting dispersal rates are the amounts, connectedness and properties of habitats in landscapes. We present new data on the butterfly Maniola jurtina in flower-rich and flower-poor habitats that demonstrates how movement and behaviour differ between sexes and habitat types, and how this effects consequent dispersal rat
Pituitary adenohypophyseal tumors are considered as benign and termed “adenomas”. However, many tumors are invasive and a proportion of these exhibit an “aggressive behavior” with premature death due to progressive growth. Only very rare (0.2%) tumors with metastases are considered malignant and termed “carcinomas”. Taking into account this variability in behavior and the oncological definition, p
The purpose of this study was to examine how the personnel of the Employment Office in Malmoe interpret the emotional situation and health of unemployed individuals. We also wanted to examine if and how the personnel work with these aspects. In relation to this we found it very interesting how the personnel dealt with the responsibilities of power, hierarchy and how subordination afflicts the unem
The Port of Rotterdam is an important industrial cluster mainly comprising of oil refining, chemical manufacturing and power and steam generation. In 2015, the area accounted for 18 % of the Netherlands' total CO2 emissions. The Port of Rotterdam Authority is aware that the port's economy is heavily exposed to future global and EU decarbonization policies, as the bulk of its activities focuses on
Germany's current efforts to decarbonize its electricity system are analysed. As nuclear power and fossil power plants equipped with carbon capture and storage were ruled out in 2011, renewable electricity generation (RES) together with electricity savings are the primary focus for achieving decarbonization. Germany aims to have RES account for at least 80% of its electricity by 2050. Achieving re
Sri Lanka has been a leading example among developing nations in the fight against poverty. Human development has been a priority of the Sri Lankan government, and many social indicators are today more in line with those of a developed country. Still poverty is a severe and widespread problem in the country. The economic growth has been under the country’s potential, and the unequal development ha
The Earth’s magnetic field (or geomagnetic field) has been measured for hundreds of years, starting with maritime observations from logbooks for navigation purposes to present day real-time recording by satellites. From these records, the geomagnetic field variation throughout recent time is well-understood. In order to study longer term field variations (on the scale of hundreds to thousands of y
Agricultural expansion and intensification have boosted global food production but have come at the cost of environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. Biodiversity-friendly farming that boosts ecosystem services, such as pollination and natural pest control, is widely being advocated to maintain and improve agricultural productivity while safeguarding biodiversity. A vast body of evidence sh
Industrialised meat production has since long remade animal bodies (Boyd, 2001; Watts, 2000), together with labour processes and spaces of production (Cronon, 1991; Pachirat, 2011). Current attempts to bypass animals by growing meat in petri dishes and on scaffoldings here offers no exception. In vitro meat promises to remake human bodies, the properties of meat, and food production landscapes tog
This dissertation is about social change ‘and’, ‘with’, as well as ‘through’ food. It examines the rise and expansion of novel approaches to veganism and plant-based lifestyles in the Sino-cultural sphere by foregrounding the assemblage of actors (human and nonhuman) at the forefront of this phenomenon. While East Asia, and more specifically Sinophone societies like China and Taiwan, have long-est
Respect and integrity are fundamental to effective psychiatric care, yet patient experiences of poor treatment remain a significant concern. This study explores patient perspectives on mistreatment within Swedish adult psychiatry through focus group interviews with representatives of patient and family organizations. Participants described systemic and interpersonal challenges that contribute to i
We introduce MEGATRON, a new galaxy formation model for cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations of high-redshift galaxies. The model accounts for the non-equilibrium chemistry and heating/cooling processes of ≥ 80 atoms, ions, and molecules, coupled to on-the-fly radiation transfer. We apply the model in a cosmological setting to the formation of a 109 M⊙halo at z = 6, and run 25 realizat
Solceller är en eftertraktad teknik för att mildra de globala klimatförändringarna. Samtidigt finns det en växande oro att denna teknik är både skadlig för miljön och orättvist fördelad i världsekonomin. Forskare och miljöaktivister är oeniga i frågan om en global maktrelation är ofrånkomligt kopplad till solcellsteknik. Denna avhandling undersöker i vilken utsträckning de globala sociala och mateSolar photovoltaic (PV) technology is one of the most favored means of mitigating climate change. At the same time, there is a growing concern over how this technology is both environmentally harmful and unevenly distributed in the world economy. Researchers and environmentalists differ on whether a global relation of power is inherent in solar technology. This thesis investigates to what extent t
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been named the most complex disease in the most complex organ of the body. It is the most common cause of death and disability in the Western world in people <40 years old and survivors commonly suffer from persisting cognitive deficits, impaired motor function, depression and personality changes. TBI may vary in severity from uniformly fatal to mild injuries with
Introduction: Unwanted glucose absorption during peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains a clinical challenge, especially in diabetic patients. Recent experimental data indicated that inhibitors of the sodium and glucose co-transporter (SGLT)-2 could act to reduce glucose uptake during PD, which raises the question of whether glucose absorption may also occur via intracellular or trans-cellular pathways.
This paper proposes a new method of simulating dose reduction in digital breast tomosynthesis, starting from a clinical image acquired with a standard radiation dose. It considers both signal-dependent quantum and signal-independent electronic noise. Furthermore, the method accounts for pixel crosstalk, which causes the noise to be frequency-dependent, thus increasing the simulation accuracy. For
Increasing temperature trends are expected to impact yields of major field crops by affecting various plant processes, such as phenology, growth, and evapotranspiration. However, future projections typically do not consider the effects of agronomic adaptation in farming practices. We use an ensemble of seven Global Gridded Crop Models to quantify the impacts and adaptation potential of field crops
We present a mathematical model for the simulation of the development of an outbreak of COVID-19 in a slum area under different interventions. Instead of representing interventions as modulations of the parameters of a free running epidemic we introduce a model structure that accounts for the actions but does not assume the results. The disease is modelled in terms of the progression of viremia re
