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Aims: Climate change is known to drive both the reshuffling of whole assemblages and range shifts of individual species. Less is known about how local colonizations and extinctions of individual species contribute to changes at the community level. Our aim was to estimate the contribution of individual species to a change in community composition attributed to climate change and to relate these sp

The fate of phosphate in the environment is governed by reactions at particle surfaces. These adsorption and desorption reactions display biphasic kinetics involving an initial rapid reaction followed by a substantially slower one extending over long time periods. In this study we have investigated the molecular mechanisms of desorption kinetics of phosphate from ferrihydrite and goethite nanopart

This PhD thesis examines how application of 3D visualization and related digital analytical tools is having a transformative impact on archaeological practice via improvement of visual-spatial thinking and the strengthening of conceptual understanding. However, the deployment of these new digital methods is essentially still at an experimental stage. Therefore, the thesis undertakes a critical eva

Soil erosion has created landscape problems in many parts of the world and in particular in cold regions where the sensitive permafrost conditions have changed due to climate warming. Such a case occurred in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has been strongly affected by global warming and human activities. Monitoring technologies, like remote sensing and field surveys were used to explore soil eros

Late Quaternary glaciations, deglaciations, sea-level changes and aeolian activity have resulted in an abundance of clastic sediments that currently cover the three Baltic States, Northern Europe almost entirely. The chronology for these deposits has largely been established from luminescence dating. This review synthesises 201 luminescence ages obtained between 2011 and 2021 on sediments in the B

Wild insect pollinators are essential to cultivated and natural ecosystems globally. Today, many pollinator species are declining. One reason is a general lack of flowering habitats at landscape scales. However, urban areas, including private gardens, may provide flowers, and constitute beneficial habitats for pollinators. Here, we evaluate the ecological outcomes of a citizen science campaign run

Albert-László Barabási, from the introduction to his book titled Linked: the new science of networks, “Just as diverse humans share skeletons that are almost indistinguishable, we have learned that these diverse maps follow a common blueprint. A string of recent breathtaking discoveries has forced us to acknowledge that amazingly simple and far-reaching natural laws govern the structure and evolut

X-ray crystallography is the main source of atomistic information on the structure of proteins. Normal crystal structures are obtained as a compromise between the X-ray scattering data and a set of empirical restraints that ensure chemically reasonable bond lengths and angles. However, such restraints are not always available or accurate for nonstandard parts of the structure, for example substrat

Background & Aims: Few patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists because of the often mild symptoms of IBD. We assessed the effects of anti-TNF agents on liver function in patients with PSC and IBD, and their efficacy in treatment of IBD. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 141

Telomeres are protective cap structures at the ends of the linear eukaryotic chromosomes, which provide stability to the genome by shielding from degradation and chromosome fusions. The cap consists of telomere-specific proteins binding to the respective single- and double-stranded parts of the telomeric sequence. In addition to the nucleation of the chromatin structure the telomere-binding protei

Right before northern hemisphere’s summer shifts to autumn small insect-eatingbirds start lengthy journeys to tropical regions. It is well established that temporarylack food and annual changes in weather are the ultimate reasons for this behavior.On a proximal level however, the process is poorly understood. Yet crosscontinental bird migration is a widespread phenomenon that has evolved severalti

4-1BB (CD137) is an activation-induced costimulatory receptor that regulates immune responses of activated CD8 T and natural killer cells, by enhancing proliferation, survival, cytolytic activity, and IFNγ production. The ability to induce potent antitumor activity by stimulating 4-1BB on tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells makes 4-1BB an attractive target for designing novel immuno-oncology therapeu

The accurate estimation of soil carbon (C) pool and fluxes is a prerequisite to better understand the terrestrial C feedback to climate change. However, recent studies showed considerable uncertainties in soil C estimates. To provide a reliable C estimate in the grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), we calibrated key parameters in a process-based ecosystem model (the CENTURY model) throug

Climate warming is driving changes in species distributions and community composition. Many species have a so-called climatic debt, that is, shifts in range lag behind shifts in temperature isoclines. Inside protected areas (PAs), community changes in response to climate warming can be facilitated by greater colonization rates by warm-dwelling species, but also mitigated by lowering extirpation ra

Arbetet omfattar uppföljningav ställda kriterier förlåg klimatpåverkan från betong vid upphandling av betongstommeför brf. Viva i Göteborg. Kriterierna följdes upp dels genom att LCA studien som genomförtsunder programskedet uppdaterades med data för den färdigupphandlade byggnadenoch dels genom att interljuva ett urval av aktörer för att få en inblick över hur branschen ser på de ställda kraven. This work includes monitoring of set criteria for low climate impact from concrete in procurement of concrete structures for brf. Viva in Gothenburg. The criteria were followed up by updating the LCA study performed during the program phase with new data for the completed building, plus a selection of the project stakeholders were also interviewed to gain an insight into how the industry received

The thesis deals with consumers behaviour in the use of online services and the cultures effect on it. It is a study of Swedes and Danes use of online job data bases. The thesis is based on a quantitative study. A questionnaire were used sent out to 80 Swedes and 80 Danes. The theory concerns areas of online consumer behaviour, decision making and services theory as well as theories within culture