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Background and Purpose- Psychosocial factors can have implications for ischemic stroke risk and recovery. This study investigated the effect of genetically determined risk of depression on these outcomes using the Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. Methods- Genetic instruments for risk of depression were identified in a discovery genome-wide association study of 246 363 cases and 561 190 cont
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and highly aggressive thyroid malignancy, usually resistant to conventional therapeutic strategies. The prognosis of ATC is extremely poor with a median survival rate of 6 months. Current treatment therapy includes surgical resection in combination with external radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The underlying mechanisms involved in ATC tumorigenesis is under
The sharing economy is an emerging niche for innovation capable of disrupting established socio-technical and economic regimes. Because of this potential to cause radical changes in a wide array of domains, research in multiple disciplines addressing various aspects entailing this phenomenon is proliferating. In this emerging body of literature, the understanding and framing of the sharing economy
Background: To determine characteristics that might affect survival times in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients treated with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) in clinical practice, and create statistical models of estimated life-span after AD diagnosis. Method: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is a prospective, observational, multicenter study to evaluate the use of long-term ChEI therap
Aims/hypothesis: Type 1 and type 2 diabetes differ with respect to pathophysiological factors such as beta cell function, insulin resistance and phenotypic appearance, but there may be overlap between the two forms of diabetes. However, there are relatively few prospective studies that have characterised the relationship between autoimmunity and incident diabetes. We investigated associations of a
OBJECTIVE: Identifying maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in pediatric populations close to diabetes diagnosis is difficult. Misdiagnosis and unnecessary insulin treatment are common. We aimed to identify the discriminatory clinical features at diabetes diagnosis of patients with glucokinase (GCK), hepatocyte nuclear factor-1A (HNF1A), and HNF4A MODY in the pediatric population.RESEARCH D
Background: The differential diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Lewy body disorders, which include Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, is often challenging due to the overlapping symptoms. Purpose: To develop a diagnostic tool based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to distinguish between PSP and Lewy body disorders at the individual-subject level. Materials and Met
Objective: To investigate whether midlife atherosclerosis is associated with different dementia subtypes and related underlying pathologies. Methods: Participants comprised the cardiovascular cohort of the Swedish prospective population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (N = 6,103). Carotid plaques and intima media thickness (IMT) were measured at baseline (1991–1994). Dementia incidence until 201
Introduction: Gestational diabetes is on the rise and demographics are changing in many countries due to increased migration. Simultaneously, the treatment of gestational diabetes in our clinic has shifted towards metformin with substantially less insulin treatment. The aim was to study the impact of these changes on metabolic control and pregnancy outcome by comparing women diagnosed with gestati
OBJECTIVE: High concentrations of leukocytes in blood have been associated with diabetes mellitus. This prospective study aimed to explore whether total and differential leukocyte counts are associated with incidence of diabetes. A missense variant R262W in the SH2B3 (SH2B adaptor protein 3) gene, coding for a protein that negatively regulates hematopoietic cell proliferation, was also studied in
The aim of this project is to explore and understand the combustion phenomenon in engines operating on gaseous fuels, and develop technologies as an alternative to the present diesel engine technologies for heavy duty applications; which are facing severe challenges like stringent emissions norms, high technology costs and unsustainable fuel supply. The studies presented in this thesis focus on th
Deteriorating water quality is a challenge which affects people of the entire world, with a growing population and increased industrialization worldwide. The problem is especially apparent in many developing nations where water resource management must be improved to secure a future sustainable supply. This study was undertaken as a bachelor degree within the MFS-program funded by SIDA. The study
Outdoor climate has considerable impact on the indoor climate and it is therefore important to adapt the buildings to the climate. This thesis shows how to improve indoor climate in a climate which it is hot, dry in the summer and cold in the winter. My investigative unit is a middle class house in the town Baalbek in Lebanon and the purpose of the study is to come up with proposals on possible so
Popular science Using remote sensing to assess drought in Somalia Somalia, the country in East Africa in a region referred to as Horn of Africa is in a civil war, conflict and unrest since 1991. The prolonged conflict increases the impact of droughts in the country which is already prone to drought continuously. The country is frequently exposed to drought, occurring moderately every 3-4 years a
This is a thesis project, analysing data from high-resolution imaging observations, specifically speckle imaging, as a follow up study of exoplanet host stars observed with K2, the second operational phase of the space telescope Kepler. The project was accomplished at NASA Ames research center under the guidance of Rachel A. Matson, during an internship in collaboration with the Swedish National S
Urban Sprawl is one of the challenges to urban development in many nations. Different aspects of the phenomenon have been researched with a view to providing solutions to myriad of ills attributed to it. For any meaningful intervention, however, assessment of development to ascertain sprawl is essential. Despite this, its quantification and monitoring in environment with paucity of data remains a
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To date, large studies comparing mortality and functional outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) during oral anticoagulant (OAC), antiplatelet, and nonantithrombotic use are few and show discrepant results. METHODS: We used data on 13 291 patients with ICH registered in Riksstroke between 2012 and 2016 to compare 90-day mortality and functional outcome following OAC-rela
Objective To compare the Danish Emergency Process Triage (DEPT) with a quick clinical assessment (Eyeball triage) as predictors of short-term mortality in patients in the emergency department (ED).Methods The investigation was designed as a prospective cohort study conducted at North Zealand University Hospital. All patient visits to the ED from September 2013 to December 2013 except minor injurie
Background: Acute lower limb ischaemia (ALI) is a life and limb threatening vascular emergency. Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) may develop upon revascularization. The risk of fasciotomy was hypothesized to be decreased in women due to their lower calf muscle mass. The main aim was to evaluate risk factors for fasciotomy after revascularization for ALI. Methods: This is a retrospective observatio
