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This study shows how six different European forests react during the summer to abnormally warm temperatures, from 1996 to 2006. With the forecasted increase of summer temperatures over Europe, the carbon balance of forests – photosynthesis (GPP), ecosystem respiration and Net Ecosystem Exchange - in likely to change. In this thesis, the photosynthesis and the respiration of six European forests w

This study has examined the relationship between the increase in consumption of white snus among Generation Z in Sweden and the branding strategies used by the nicotine brand LYFT. The purpose of this research has been to gain an understanding of how a brand can market a regulated product to a young consumer segment by conducting strategic communication prefered by these young individuals. The bac

How does democracy affect income inequality? Most would expect democracy to reduce income inequality. There is a general consensus that indeed democratizations in Europe during the nineteenth and early twentieth century did decrease income inequality. More recent democratizations, those countries that democratized during the 1970s-1990s, however, do not seem to have had the same effect. The body o

Membrane proteins play several important roles in a cell. Among these proteins are aquaporins (AQPs) and transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels that mediate water transport, temperature and noxious chemical sensation, respectively. The function of some AQPs, for example the spinach isoform SoPIP2;1 is regulated by pH, phosphorylation and heavy metals such as mercury. However, the mechanis

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) development is widely known to be a challenging process owing to its complex and dynamic nature. Although great effort has been made to conceptually explain the complexity and dynamics of SDIs, few studies thus far have actually modeled these complexities. In fact, better modeling of SDI complexities will lead to more reliable plans for its development. A state-of

The current paper describes the deictic system of Kamaiurá, a language of the Tupí-Guaraní family. The Kamaiurá system of deictic demonstratives and adverbials has a high degree of complexity, including at least 17 different forms, of which several have different functions. The system codes four levels of Participant deixis, with proximal, medial, distal and far distal deixis. Forms can also code The current paper describes the deictic system of Kamaiurá, a language of the Tupí-Guaraní family. The Kamaiurá system of deictic demonstratives and adverbials has a high degree of complexity, including at least 17 different forms, of which several have different functions. The system codes four levels of Participant deixis, with proximal, medial, distal and far distal deixis. Forms can also code

This chapter describes the background for, and implementation of, the Barnahus model within the Nordic countries. It highlights the core elements of the model and the specifics of the Nordic welfare state context relating to the child welfare and criminal justice systems. A contextual and comparative perspective is used to shed light on how the model is shaped by the legal and institutional contex

This thesis deals with the design and synthesis of rhodium and iridium bis-η2 diolefin catalysts and their applications in C–C bond formation and asymmetric catalysis.More specifically, the second chapter describes the development of inter- and intramolecular (5+2) cycloadditions catalyzed by cationic iridium(I) complexes that lead to the formation of seven-membered rings in a single step. DFT was

Healthy eye lenses are transparent and flexible, able to adapt shape in order to focus on far away and close-by objects. With age, however, this flexibility is lost, leading to a condition known as presbyopia. This vision disorder where close-by objects appear blurred commonly starts around the age of 40. The aim of this thesis is to elucidate the molecular origin of the gradual hardening of the c

Abstract in Undetermined This work tackles the problem of interferometric phase estimation in the presence of layover by using nonuniform multibaseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar systems. The effects of nonuniform sampling on Fourier-based and superresolution spectral estimation methods are investigated. The impact on both the spectral properties and on the interferometric phase esti

Barley is one of the most important crops in the world. Although it is mainly used as the raw material for the production of beer and animal feed, it has recently attracted interest from nutritionists and consumers, due to its high content of dietary fibre, especially β-glucan, and its relation to various positive health effects. The proposed mechanisms behind the health effects are the formation

The use of participatory action research in media studies is under development and has the last years become notable as a new way of exploring changes that has taken place on the media market the last decades. Media corporations in Sweden continue shutting down local editorial offices and centralize local news reporting to the head editorials. An absence of local reporting in several rural areas i

Under chapter 6 of the Parental Code (FB), custodians have a far-reaching responsibility for their children. This includes, for example, meeting the child's needs, a duty to exercise needed supervision, and taking appropriate measures to prevent the child from causing harm. Furthermore, custodians have both a right and duty to decide in questions concerning the child's personal matters. A