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Even though the relative contribution of neutralizing antibodies (Nab) to prevent progression to AIDS during HIV-1 infection is still unclear, the induction of broadly NAb directed against HIV-1 through vaccination is considered to represent an important goal for the development of HIV-1 vaccines. Factors contributing to the induction of NAb may include the strength and duration of antigenic stimu

Popular Abstract in English Technological devices in our society are used on a daily basis. The speed in processing jobs and the memory capacity are two key parameters used to set their prices. The information is encoded with a binary system physically implemented on semiconductor circuits, where the bit 1 corresponds to a finite voltage and the bit 0 to zero voltage. In order to increase the spThis thesis aims to contribute to the field of time controlled charge and energy transport in mesoscopic systems. In Chapter 1, Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 a short review of the scattering matrix theory is presented, including both charge and energy transport, useful to understand the mathematical landscape used in Papers I, II, III and IV. Chapter 3 briefly presents the thermoelectric properties of m

K2[Pt(NO3)4]·Full-size image (<1 K)H2O was prepared from ca 0.4 M solutions of platinum(II) perchlorate in perchloric acid by addition of KHCO3 and KNO3. Its crystal structure was determined from X-ray intensity data collected with a CAD-4 diffractometer. Monochromatic MoKα-radiation was used. The space group is I4/m with Z = 4; a = 7.5277(4) and c = 20.470(3) Å. The refinement converged to R = 0.

POPULAR SCIENTIFIC SUMMARYI was on my way home, sitting on the bus. My tired eyes swept through the pages of the local newspaper and that was the moment I met Lisa. She had previously been diagnosed with cancer. She had recovered and was back to her daily life. Unfortunately the cancer has come back and it has spread to several organs. Lisa as a mother of two kids, as a wife, as a daughter, as a sTelomeres are special DNA-protein structures that protect ends of chromosomes from being recognized as double-strand breaks. Telomeres consist of tandemly repeated units of TG-rich DNA and associate with telomere-specific proteins.When a cell replicates its chromosomes, a certain piece of DNA is lost from chromosomal ends due to the ´´ end replication problem´´. This progressive shortening of telo

The dependency of transport on oil fuels is responsible for risks of energy supply security, and local, regional and global environmental problems, including the emission of greenhouse gases affecting the Earth’s climate system. Biofuels attracted considerable attention in recent years as a solution to these problems. However, the deployment of biofuel technologies poses as many opportunities to b

In this paper, the effect of polarization on the downlink achievable sum-rate of multi-user Cooperative Multi-Point (CoMP) systems is studied using synchronous multi-link channel measurements with two different antenna arrangements. In the first setup, four dual-polarized antenna patches with inter-patch distance varied from half wavelength to 8 m are considered at the base station (BS). In the se

The present research front of NbO2 based memory, energy generation, and storage thin film devices is reviewed. Sputtering plasmas contain NbO, NbO2, and NbO3 clusters, affecting nucleation and growth of NbO2, often leading to a formation of nanorods and nanoslices. NbO2 (I41/a) undergoes the Mott topological transition at 1081 K to rutile (P42/mnm), yielding changes in the electronic structure, wh

Open-Source Software (OSS) is increasingly used by software applications. It allows for code reuse, but also comes with the problem of potentially being affected by the vulnerabilities that are found in the OSS libraries. With large numbers of OSS components and a large number of published vulnerabilities, it becomes challenging to identify and analyze which OSS components need to be patched and u

The elastic singular fields for a crack perpendicular to and with its tip at the interface between two isotropic elastic solids with different elastic moduli are given. The asymptotic crack tip fields for are obtained cases where either both materials yield perfectly plastically or one material remains elastic. By using the singular elastic field as a prescribed load, small scale yielding solutionThe elastic singular fields for a crack perpendicular to and with its tip at the interface between two isotropic elastic solids with different elastic moduli are given. The asymptotic crack tip fields for are obtained cases where either both materials yield perfectly plastically or one material remains elastic. By using the singular elastic field as a prescribed load, small scale yielding solution

Despite extensive efforts through various international initiatives to reduce global warming, it has been determined that human induced climate change is here, that the present scale of disruption of the climate is unprecedented and will continue. Increasing weather volatility can be expected, which will most likely increase exposure to weather related hazards, e.g. wildfires, flooding. The aim of

This is an explorative and, at times, tentative text on the potential meanings and uses of the concept Existential Sustainability in social work and social work research. The overall argument is that to create a positive change in the lives of people in general, service users more specifically, and to sustain such change over time, it is necessary to acknowledge an existential dimension and existe

Temporality and the embodiment of time is an important dimension in different recovery models, as well as in drug users' recovery stories. Aim: The main objective of this article is twofold: fi rst, to perform a critical analysis of prominent recovery models and their multiple temporalities, and second, to explore of how female drug users, enrolled in drug treatment, narrate their recovery process

The gasification of biomass is a promising route to increase the share of renewable sources in the energy mix. Besides having an overall higher thermal efficiency than combustion, it also offers the possibility of producing gaseous and liquid biofuels that can be used in the transport sector. The use of biomass gasification for energy purposes can help lower the net emissions of greenhouse gases,

A new landstreamer system has been developed that provides high resolution imaging from near surface to medium depths. The system is comprised of a combination three-component array to acquire SH data for near surface and a single component array to acquire typical P-wave data at depth. The first application of the system is being carried out for a groundwater mapping project where detailed knowle