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BACKGROUND: The normal body exists in mutualistic balance with a large range of microbiota. The primary goal of this study was to establish whether there is an imbalance in the oropharyngeal flora early after hospital or ICU admittance, and whether flora differs between control, ward and critically ill patients. The secondary goal was to explore whether there are patient characteristics that can b
Chaperones play a central part in the quality control system in cells by clearing misfolded and aggregated proteins. The chaperone DnaK acts as a sensor for molecular stress by recognising short hydrophobic stretches of misfolded proteins. As the level of unfolded protein is a function of protein stability, we hypothesised that the level of DnaK response upon overexpression of recombinant proteins
Objective: To find out whether the biological marker, carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT), was helpful in the detection of alcoholic patients in a surgical unit. Design: Prospective open study. Setting: Teaching hospital, Denmark. Subjects: 286 men and 248 women admitted to the department of surgical gastroenterology between March and July 1996. Main outcome measures: Specific interview about
How will life on Earth and the ecosystems that support it adapt to climate change? Which species will go extinct – or evolve into something new? How will microbes develop further resistance to antibiotics?These kinds of questions, which are of fundamental importance to our way of life, are all a focus for researchers who study evolution and will prove increasingly important as the planet heats up.
Famine early warning systems are fundamental for anticipating and preventing food security crises. These systems require diverse socio-economic, climate and other environmental indicators. However, the uncertainty that is inherent in climate forecasts and other early warning data can influence the accuracy of early warning systems. Inaccurate forecasts result in ineffective preparedness and poor r
Complement offers a first line of defence against infection through the opsonization of microbial pathogens, recruitment of professional phagocytes to the infection site and the coordination of inflammatory responses required for the resolution of infection. Staphylococcus aureus is a successful pathogen that has developed multiple mechanisms to thwart host immune responses. Understanding the prec
The European Parliament voted against a proposal to curb the use of agricultural pesticides in November 2023. These chemicals, designed to protect crop yield from pest insects and other organisms, can contaminate the water and air and threaten the people and wildlife that maintain the vitality of our landscapes.In some respects, Europe and its governing bodies lead the world in setting and achievi
We contribute to the literature on the assessment of innovation systems by relating the amount of inputs available to the system and its performance through the concept of returns to scale (increasing, constant or decreasing). We study to what extent the size or scale of innovation systems relates to their performance, which is estimated through frontier Data Envelopment Analysis-TOPSIS methods, w
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with clinical manifestations in early adulthood. However, it may start with disruption of brain development caused by genetic or environmental factors, or both. Early deteriorating effects of genetic/environmental factors on neural development might be key to described disease causing mechanisms. Establishing cellular models with cells from affected individual u
Shrinking household size is a key challenge for sustainability, simultaneously decreasing sharing and increasing resource consumption. We use the Danish Household Budget Survey and carbon intensities from EXIOBASE to characterise small households in socio-demographic cohorts along the carbon footprint spectrum. Single and dual occupant households represent 77% of the Danish carbon footprint and 73
Aim: MicroRNAs play an important role in the maintenance of cellular functions by fine-tuning gene expression levels. The aim of the current study was to identify genetically caused changes in microRNA expression which associate with islet dysfunction in diabetic mice. Methods: To identify novel microRNAs involved in islet dysfunction, transcriptome and miRNome analyses were performed in islets of
Detection of ANCA has become an important tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Unfortunately, a group of sera positive by the standard method for ANCA detection, indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), are negative when more specific tests with purified proteins are used. In order to examine this discrepancy we examined groups of sera selected for
Three-dimensional scaffolds play an essential role in tissue engineering. Although essential, the tunability of the 3D scaffolds mechanical and transport properties remains a challenge. In this work, we present new approaches to advance the field. First, we applied our progressive pH acidification to mimic the natural silk gelation process before ice-templating (−20 and −80°C); second, we fitted t
Osiurak and Reynaud do not explain the evolutionary emergence and development of the elephant in the room, that is, technical cognition. We first argue that there is a tight correlation between the evolution of cumulative technological culture (CTC) and the evolution of reasoning about abstract forces. Second, intentional teaching plays a greater role in CTC evolution than acknowledged in the targ
The EU, being the largest trading partner for many developing countries, offers a General Scheme of Preferences (GSP) as a voluntary trade promoting scheme. Through GSP+, an extension of GSP, the EU offers additional market access conditional on commitment to sustainable development and good governance. Using a Gravity Equation, I find insignificant trade creating effects on GSP+ in comparison wit
Denna uppsats är ett kulturanalytiskt forskningsprojekt som syftar till att förstå hur sociala och kulturella processer i olika rum i staden bidrar till upplevelsen av ofrivillig ensamhet. Uppsatsen undersöker den ofrivilliga ensamheten i olika skalor i staden, från bostaden, kvarteret, ut i bostadsområdet och vidare ut i staden. Detta uppnås genom att använda ett fenomenologiskt ramverk som analyThis thesis is a cultural analytical research project that aims to understand how social and cultural processes in spaces within the city contribute to the experience of loneliness. The thesis explores loneliness at different layers of the city, from housing, the neighbourhood, to the district and the wider city scale. This is achieved by using a phenomenological framework that analyses the indivi
Bixin is a carotenoid which is extracted from annatto (Bixa orellana). Its main application is as a coloring agent. It consists of conjugating double bonds with a carboxylic end, making it prone to degradation by oxygen, light and heat. This study investigates the light stability of bixin encapsulated with maltodextrin (MD), sucrose and whey by spray drying. MD was added with additives such as car
Internet services can aid steps towards sustainability, but can also be a means of exploitation and power-ownership. Data centres are an intrinsic part of this system, but reporting regulations do not require full disclosure on them. This paper takes the position that incomplete or misleading reporting is a form of delay discourse. Using the case study of Spotify, a structured literature review wa
It is generally considered that the brackish Baltic Sea has relatively low biodiversity levels of both fish and invertebrate fauna, compared to the more saline waters of Kattegat and Skagerrak on the Swedish west coast. However, a trend has been noticed, showing higher biodiversity and biomass levels of Fucus-associated fauna on the east coast of Scania, i.e. within the Baltic Sea, compared to the
The purpose of this paper is through an empirical approach understand the dynamics of VIX and investigate to what degree the benchmark computed by CBOE is representative of its definition. The method implemented is of a design where one constructs a hypothetical world in which synthetic options data are produced by the Bates-Heston model. This implies an underlying and known volatility with chosen
