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BackgroundAlthough being married with children is associated with a reduced rate of alcohol use disorder (AUD), is this finding independent of a marital effect, different in mothers and fathers and potentially causal in effect.MethodsUsing Cox proportional hazards, we examined, in 1 252 237 married individuals, the association between a resident younger and older child and risk for AUD registratio

Denna kunskapssammanställning beskriver hur hälsoskadlig värme kan uppstå inomhus, hur den kan identifieras och vilka åtgärder som kan vidtas med fokus på fastighetsägarens ansvar. Sammanställningen är begränsad till befintliga byggnader i Sverige och inkluderar skolor, äldreboenden, lägenheter, förskolor och kontor som är icke-industriella (utan industriella processer som producerar värme). Den pThis literature review describes how heat stress can develop indoors, how it can be identified, and what actions can be taken, with a focus on property owner’s responsibilities. The review is limited to existing buildings in Sweden and includes schools, retirement homes, apartments, preschools, and non-industrial offices (those without industrial processes that produce heat). The expected climate

AIMS/BACKGROUND: Increased retinopathy progression has been reported after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus. To assess the influence of cataract surgery on visual acuity and retinopathy progression, all diabetic patients who were subjected to cataract surgery during 1991-3 have been followed up at the Department of Ophthalmology in Helsingborg. The average follow up time was 2 y

Background: We have evaluated the frequency of lymphoproliferative disorders with more than one aberrant population of monotypic B-cells detected during routine hematopathological diagnostics. Materials and Methods: 2600 samples peripheral (blood, bone marrow, fine-needle aspirate, lymph node, and pleural fluid cell suspensions) were analyzed using a 10-color B-cell panel and a 10-color T-cell pan

Background: In situ fenestration of aortic stent grafts for treatment of aortic arch aneurysms is a new option for endovascular aortic arch repair. So far, only few reports have shown perioperative and short-term results of in situ fenestrations for aortic arch diseases. We present the multicenter experience with the aortic arch in situ fenestration technique documented in the AARCHIF registry for

Aims: To study the frequency, etiology, and premortal abnormalities in exercise-related sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young in Sweden. Methods: All subjects with SCD in 10–35-year olds in Sweden during 2000–10, were included (n = 514). Information about each case was retrieved from death certifications, autopsy- and medical records. The number of SCD in athletes was compared to national figure

The SM2RAIN (soil moisture to rain) model has been widely used for rainfall estimation worldwide. However, due to the lack of sufficient ground observation, the SM2RAIN model driven by different passive microwave soil moisture products over the Tibetan Plateau has not been fully validated. In this article, four widely used satellite microwave soil moisture products (including SMAP, ASCAT, SMOS, an

Phytoplankton have short generation times, flexible reproduction strategies, large population sizes and high standing genetic diversity, traits that should facilitate rapid evolution under directional selection. We quantified local adaptation of copper tolerance in a population of the diatom Skeletonema marinoi from a mining-exposed inlet in the Baltic Sea and in a non-exposed population 100 km aw

Aims/hypothesis: Low birthweight is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Most previous studies are based on cross-sectional prevalence data, not designed to study the timing of onset of type 2 diabetes in relation to birthweight. We aimed to examine associations of birthweight with age-specific incidence rate of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged to older adults over two decades. Methods: Adults aged 30

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. BACKGROUND: The association between muscle function and lack of knee confidence in people with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has not been well investigated. Such knowledge would help in the design of training programs for this population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between self-reported knee confidence and muscle function in patients with ACL in

Membrane hybrid processes-coagulation coupled with ultrafiltration (UF)-have become a common method to comply with the legal, chemical, and microbiological requirements for drinking water. The main advantages of integrating coagulation with membrane filtration are the enhanced removal of natural organic matter (NOM) and reduced membrane fouling. With in-line coagulation, coagulants are patched int

Purpose: All types of surgery are associated with complications. The debate is ongoing whether robot-assisted radical prostatectomy can lower this risk compared to open surgery. The objective of the present study was to evaluate post-operative adverse events leading to readmissions, using clinical records to classify these adverse events systematically. Materials and methods: A prospective control

This is the story of how a large research facility of broad European and global interest, the European Spallation Source (ESS), ended up in the small university town of Lund in Sweden. This happened in spite of the fact that a number of influential European countries were at one time or another competitors to host the facility. It is also a story about politics which attempts to illustrate how clo

BACKGROUND: Intracerebral transplantation of fetal dopaminergic neurons is a promising new approach for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Patients with parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) have a relatively stable lesion limited to the nigrostriatal system, rendering them ideal candidates for transplantation. Improvement of motor function after neural gra

Objective To examine trends in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an underlying cause of death (UCD) in 31 countries across the globe during 1987-2011. Methods Data on mortality and population were collected from the World Health Organization mortality database and the United Nations. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated by means of direct standardization. We applied joinpoint regress

Background: Differences in cystatin C and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) can lead to clinical uncertainty. Existing EGFR equations perform poorly in a subset of individuals. This study aims to describe the prevalence of differences between cystatin C-based (EGFRcys) and creatinine-based (EGFRcreat) EGFR in older adults and to explore which subsets of individuals may b

Deoxygenation affects many continental shelf seas across the world today and results in increasing areas of hypoxia (dissolved oxygen concentration ([O2]) <1.4 ml/L). The Baltic Sea is increasingly affected by deoxygenation. Deoxygenation correlates with other environmental variables such as changing water temperature and salinity and is directly linked to ongoing global climate change. To place t

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder frequently co-occur and tend to have their onset during adolescence. Although research has highlighted the importance of treating these disorders in an integrated fashion, there is a dearth of empirically validated integrated treatment options for adolescents with this comorbidity. This paper describes the study protoco

This retrospective study sought to determine the safety and effectiveness of flecainide in children with normal hearts and those with congenital heart disease (CHD) or cardiomyopathy (CMO). Baseline and follow-up data at two pediatric cardiology sites were queried (2000–2015); a total of 175 patients (20 with CHD and two with CMO) receiving flecainide were assessed. When comparing patients with CH

Background Breathlessness is a major cause of physical limitation. Recalled breathlessness intensity may differ from experienced intensity and be influenced by the intensity trajectory including the ‘peak-end rule’. The primary aim was to test if adding two minutes of low intensity exercise at the end of an exercise test would change the recalled breathlessness. Secondary aims included to analyse