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We now know that state formation experiences outside Europe were not merely attenuated or failed versions of the European experiences (Herbst, 2000; Hoffman, 2015; Johnson and Koyama, 2016). The diverse paths taken towards the modern state imply that existing knowledge on state formation processes can be enhanced by integrating the experiences of Africa and other developing regions. This dissertat
Intraocular lens (IOL) exchange after cataract surgery is unusual but may be associated with suboptimal visual outcome. The incidence of IOL exchange has not been consistently estimated. Such information is invaluable when counseling patients prior to cataract surgery. We examined the incidence of, and indications and risk factors for, IOL exchange after cataract surgery. We also assessed visual o
Många beteenden hos djur kan vara oflexibla och mer eller mindre ”hard-wired” i hjärnan. Sådana beteenden kan vara ändamålsenliga för regelbundna och rytmiska förändringar i naturen, såsom dag och natt, årstider, etc. Men många faktorer är naturligtvis oförutsägbara i naturen. För sådana oförutsägbara förändringar är det bättre för djur att vara flexibla i sitt beteende. Kognition är en process soThe Paridae (tits, titmice and chickadees) is a bird family consisting of both food hoarding and non-hoarding species. Many studies have been conducted on birds that are considered to be cognitively advanced, such as parrots and corvids, whereas much less is known about these small passerines. In this thesis, I have investigated the cognitive abilities of two members of the Paridae family; marsh t
Background: The need for anticoagulation therapy (AC) in patients with subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE) diagnosed by computed tomography of the pulmonary arteries (CTPA) has been questioned, as these patients run low risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) during 3 months of follow-up. Whether this applies also to patients with small PE diagnosed with pulmonary scintigraphy has not y
The aim of this study is to examine how dynamic way-finding systems affect risk perception for evacuating people. This was done by examining how perceived risk, choice of exit and emotional factors were affected in an evacuation experiment performed in Virtual Reality. Two scenarios were created for the experiments, one with a dynamic way-finding system and one with a static evacuation system. Thi
Att göra en studie om hur detaljhandelsföretag tar tillvara på och hanterar Big Data för att stärka sina kundrelationer samt hur de kan förbättras. Vi har utfört en kvalitativ fallstudie i form av djupintervjuer samt en egen undersökning. Djupintervjuerna har haft en semistrukturerad uppbyggnad. Den egna undersökningen har en komparativ karaktär där insamlingen av data gällande kunder, har jämförA study about how retail companies collect and manage Big Data in order to strengthen and develop their customer relationship. The study is one of qualitative character, which is built upon several in-depth interviews as well as a survey performed by the authors. The in-depth interviews are semi-structured. The survey is of comparative nature where the gathering of customer-driven-data is compar
Objective: The aim of this study is to describe how the use of diagnostic imagingfor prostate cancer (PCa) has evolved over time and to determine whether thereare any differences in access to diagnostic imaging, type of cancers detected, andmortality based on the education level of patients.Methods: 11,063 men were recruited between 1991 and 1996 and thenprospectively followed until 2020. All new
Climate change is an issue that can no longer be ignored and actions are taken all over the world in order to prevent the effects from becoming too severe. The energy system is transitioning towards more renewable energy sources and wind power has an important role in this development. The penetration of wind power in a lot of countries all over the world has increased rapidly during the last deca
The purpose of this composition was to study children as participants in their own reality and their social life during recess in school. Our ambitions were, from children's point of view, and a perspective of gender, to find out the existence and expressions of groups, leaders and rules. Our main questions regarded group constellations, the presence of leaders and the importance of rules, and
The main purpose of this study is to form a picture of what happens in a child's life when their parents separate and how this event is seen through the child's eyes. This study is based on qualitative research methods in which eleven children from six families were interviewed. In addition, the parents were asked a few questions about their custody arrangements and the amount of the coop
Aim of the review: This review aimed to evaluate the impact of Point-of-care Ultrasound during cardio- pulmonary resuscitation for adult non-traumatic CA on clinical outcomes and survival.Data sources: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched on 14 November 2022. The
Background: In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused disruptions in kidney replacement therapy (KRT) services worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on the incidence of KRT, kidney transplantation activity, mortality and prevalence of KRT across Europe. Methods: Patients receiving KRT were included from 17 countries provid
Given the outsized impact that digitalization has had on consumption over the last two decades, the lack of academic interest in sustainable consumption is noteworthy. In this book chapter, we set the scene for the fundamentally important discussion about how digitalization affects consumption. We ask whether digitalization is a positive or a negative force for shaping consumption levels and patte
Background: Estimating excess mortality and years of life lost (YLL) attributed to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection provides a comprehensive picture of the mortality burden on society. We aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on age- and sex-specific excess mortality and YLL in Sweden during the first 17 months of the pandemic. Methods: In this population-based observati
BACKGROUND: While experimental data suggest that selective intracoronary hypothermia decreases infarct size, studies in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are lacking. AIMS: We investigated the efficacy of selective intracoronary hypothermia during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to decrease infarct size in patients with STEMI. METHODS: In this multicentre ra
