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Objectives To assess the association between neonatal BCG vaccination and mortality between 28 days and 3 years of age among tuberculosis (TB)-exposed and TB-unexposed children. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Bandim Health Project runs an urban Health and Demographic Surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau with registration of mortality, vaccination status and TB cases. Participants Children
Plastics are widely used in todays society leading to an accelerating amount of plastic waste entering natural ecosystems. Over time these waste products degrade to micro- and, eventually, nanoplastic particles. Therefore, the break-down of plastics may become a critical threat to aquatic ecosystems and several short term studies have demonstrated acute toxicity of nanoplastics on aquatic organism
Our aim was to study the association between country of birth and incidence of gout in different immigrant groups in Sweden. The study population included the whole population of Sweden. Gout was defined as having at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register. The association between incidence of gout and country of birth was assessed by Cox regression, with hazard ratios (HRs
Four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables quantification of kinetic energy (KE) in intraventricular blood flow. This provides a novel way to understand the cardiovascular physiology of the Fontan circulation. In this study, we aimed to quantify the KE in functional single ventricles. 4D flow MRI was acquired in eleven patients with Fontan circulation (median age 12 years,
Neutrophil proteinase 4 (NP4) is a major neutral proteinase of the human polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte, which is present in amounts similar to leukocyte elastase. NP4(3) is a potent, non-specific proteinase, which may degrade structural and soluble proteins in the tissues and body fluids, and it has been implicated as an important pathogenetic factor in lung emphysema. We have studied the rele
Bank voles are known reservoirs for Puumala hantavirus and probably also for Ljungan virus (LV), a suggested candidate parechovirus in type 1 diabetes etiology and pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether wild bank voles had been exposed to LV and if exposure associated to autoantibodies against insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA), or islet autoantigen-2 (IA-2A
Echolocating bats are surveyed and studied acoustically with bat detectors routinely and worldwide, yet identification of species from calls often remains ambiguous or impossible due to intraspecific call variation and/or interspecific overlap in call design. To overcome such difficulties and to reduce workload, automated classifiers of echolocation calls have become popular, but their performance
Intracerebral transplantation of porcine embryonic dopamine-producing neurons has been suggested as a method to treat patients with Parkinson's disease. Even though the brain is an immunologically privileged site, neuronal xenografts are usually rejected within a few weeks. T cells are important for this process, but the exact cellular events leading to rejection are poorly characterized. Brain ce
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of intravesical treatment and cancer-specific survival of patients with primary carcinoma in situ (CIS). Materials and methods: Data acquisition was based on the Swedish National Registry of Urinary Bladder Cancer by selecting all patients with primary CIS. The analysis covered gender, age, hospital type and hospital volume. Intravesical tre
Germline mutations of the MEN1 gene have been identified as the causative genetic defect of multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN-I), an autosomal dominantly inherited condition. To establish the basis for predictive family screening we evaluated the spectrum of MEN1 gene mutations in MEN-I patients treated at our institution. Relatives at risk were subjected to predictive genetic screening aft
The carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of seawater provides valuable insight on ocean circulation, air-sea exchange, the biological pump, and the global carbon cycle and is reflected by the δ13C of foraminifera tests. Here more than 1700 δ13C observations of the benthic foraminifera genus Cibicides from late Holocene sediments (δ13CCibnat) are compiled and compared with newly updated estimates of t
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common monogenic cardiac disorder and the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in the young. Although in a majority of HCM cases there are gene mutations coding for sarcomere proteins, the onset for the clinical consequences of these mutations are difficult to predict, as these mutations do not show any clear relationship to the degree of
Background: Circulating concentrations of biomarkers that are related to Vitamin status vary by factors such as diet, fortification, and supplement use. Published biomarker concentrations have also been influenced by the variation across laboratories, which complicates a comparison of results from different studies. Objective: We robustly and comprehensively assessed differences in biomarkers that
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional, clinical, and radiological outcome 10 years after distal scaphoid fractures. Methods: From a prospective epidemiological study on posttraumatic radial-sided wrist pain, we evaluated 41 cases of distal scaphoid fractures. All cases had been treated nonsurgically in a thumb spica cast. Patients were examined using radiographs, magnetic r
Aims Metformin therapy is associated with diffuse intestinal 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation in clinical diagnostics using routine FDG-PET imaging. We aimed to study whether metformin induced glucose uptake in intestine is associated with the improved glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we compared the effects of metformin and rosiglitazone on intestinal gluco
INTRODUCTION: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in patients during the acute phase of KD include flattened T waves and prolonged corrected QT intervals (QTc). We set out to determine the 12-lead ECG and vectorcardiography predictors for identification of patients with KD and which of these predictors would
Background: Incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) is an unexpected finding when a cholecystectomy is performed upon a benign indication, and the use of routine or selective histological analysis of gallbladder specimen is still debated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the proportion of submitted gallbladder specimens for pathological investigation influences the proportion of IGBC
Background and Purpose - We evaluated whether basilar dolichoectasia is associated with markers of cerebral small vessel disease in younger transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke patients. Methods - We used data from the SIFAP1 study (Stroke in Young Fabry Patients), a large prospective, hospital-based, screening study for Fabry disease in young (<55 years) transient ischemic attack/stroke
Radiotherapy (RT) is a repetitive treatment divided into daily fractions, scheduled five days a week from one up to several weeks depending upon the child’s diagnosis. Although RT is painless and non-invasive, children experience anxiety. Depending on the child’s age, anxiety or inability to comply, they may require sedation or general anaesthesia (GA), meaning that some children receive GA over 3
