Filetype
The negative impacts of surface ozone (O(3)) on vegetation are determined by external exposure, leaf gas exchange and plant antioxidant defence capacity, all dependent on climate and CO(2) concentrations. In this study the influence of climate change on simulated stomatal O(3) uptake of a generic crop and a generic deciduous tree at ten European sites was investigated, using the LRTAP Mapping Manu
This paper presents class-D CMOS oscillators capable of an excellent phase noise performance from a very low power supply voltage. Starting from the recognition of the time-variant nature of the class-D LC tank, accurate expressions of the oscillation frequency, oscillation amplitude, current consumption, phase noise, and figure-of-merit (FoM) have been derived. Compared with the commonly used cla
Purpose: Commercial EPIDs are normally used in indirect detection mode (iEPID) where incident x-ray photons are converted to optical photons in a phosphor scintillator, which are then detected by a photodiode array. The EPIDs are constructed from a number of nonwater equivalent materials which affect the dose response of the detector. The so-called direct detection EPIDs (dEPIDs), operating withou
The surface emissions trap, an adsorption cloth developed for reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds and particulate matter from surfaces while allowing evaporation of moisture, was used to improve the indoor air quality of a school building with elevated air concentrations of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. An improvement of the perceived air quality was noticed a few days after the device had been
BACKGROUND: The optimum treatment of acute total Achilles tendon rupture remains controversial. In the present study, the outcomes of surgical and nonsurgical treatment in a large number of patients were compared on the basis of patient age and sex. METHODS: The records of all 487 patients with an acute total Achilles tendon rupture that had occurred between 2002 and 2006 and had been treated at
The properties of micro-porous ceramics are studied in the present work using a tunable diode-laser-based setup. The relative optical porosity is retrieved by using gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS) - which yields the path length travelled by photons through the gas-filled pores - and frequency domain photon migration (FDPM) - which evaluates the mean optical path length (MO
This work has evaluated ISO 3795. It was found that ISO 3795 isn’t a suitable method to test interior materials and its use has led to a low level of fire safety in military vehicles. A different test method to be used for fire testing interior materials in military vehicles was suggested; ISO 5660 cone calorimeter. Eleven different interior materials from two military vehicles were tested in the
Syftet med denna tvärsnittsstudie var att undersöka barns förståelse för empatiska reaktioners relationella innebörd och om denna skiljer sig beroende på ålder, samt undersöka om samband fanns mellan denna förmåga och förmåga till socialt perspektivtagande. Undersökningen jämförde barn i grundskolans årskurs 2 (n = 15, M = 8:7 år), årskurs 5 (n = 17, M = 11:8 år) och årskurs 8 (n = 13, M = 14:10 åThis cross-sectional study explored children’s understanding of empathic reactions relational meaning and if this understanding increases with age. It also explored an association between this ability and ability for social perspective taking. Comparisons were made between second graders (n = 15, M = 8:7 years), fifth graders (n = 17, M = 11:8 years) and eighth graders (n = 13, M = 14:10 years). T
The purpose of this study is to examine the optimal hedge ratio for the currency exposure of foreign investments. The optimal hedge ratio is determined after evaluating our portfolios from the three perspectives; ex-ante, ex-post and profit/loss. The ex-ante perspective is examined by the usage of historical simulation to calculate VaR on 11 portfolio pairs. Each pair consists of a portfolio with
We used the mouse passive transfer model to test whether islet cell antibodies affect β-cell function. The immunoglobulin (Ig) fraction of plasma from 5 islet cell surface antibody-positive, newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic children or of a pool of plasma from 12 normal subjects was injected daily (7–16 mg IgG/day) for 14 days into normal immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Insulin secretory r
Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of the appropriate use criteria (AUC) for amyloid imaging in an unselected cohort. Methods: We calculated sensitivity and specificity of appropriate use (increased confidence and management change), as defined by Amyloid Imaging Taskforce in the AUC, and other clinical utility outcomes. Furthermore, we compared differences in p
Prospective observational studies have shown previously that study participants have lower morbidity and mortality than non-participants. The aim of the current study was to determine whether participants in a prospective cohort study on melanoma have a different incidence and mortality of melanoma compared with non-participants and the background population. Information was collected from Swedish
Starting from next year the technical feasibility of a direct seeding scheme at 30 and 13 nm will be studied at the Free-electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH). During a major shutdown the SASE-FEL facility will be upgraded and it is planned to install in addition a high-harmonic generation (HHG) seed laser, a new chain of 10 m variable gap un-dulators and a dedicated commissioning beamline for photon
Objectives To assess the prevalence of HIV and related risk behaviours among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Iran. Methods We conducted a national cross-sectional bio-behavioural surveillance survey between March and July 2010, interviewing male PWID from a geographically dispersed sample through a facility-based sampling method. Results We recruited 2480, and tested 2290 PWID. The overall preva
Biomass derived gases produced via gasification, pyrolysis, and fermentation are carbon neutral alternative fuels that can be used in gas turbines, furnaces, and piston engines. To make use of these environmentally friendly but energy density low fuels the combustion characteristics of these fuels have to be fully understood. In this study the structure and laminar burning velocity of biomass deri
HLA DR4-DQ8 and DR3-DQ2 haplotypes account for 89% of newly diagnosed cases of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sweden. The presence of a single copy of DQ6 confers protection. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the risk conferred by high risk HLA DR and DQ to T1D is similar in all regions of Sweden and see whether there are any significant regional differences. The subjects comprised 799
The macrocyclic ketone (MK) group of fragrance ingredients was evaluated for safety following a complete literature search. For high end users, calculated maximum dermal exposures vary from 0.13% to 1.10%; systemic exposures vary from 0.0005 to 0.0441 mg/kg/day. The MKs had low acute toxicity and no significant repeat dose toxicity. Liver weight and blood biochemistry effects were reversible after
The natural history of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections results from interactions of the virus, the host, and multiple cofactors. We studied the association between humoral immune response to HPV and smoking in 191 HPV infected women prospectively. Two follow-up samples (first and last) were analysed for serum cotinine levels, IgA and IgG antibodies to HPV16 and 18, and Chlamydia tr
Tidigare forskning på diverse olika sporter har visat att mått på visuell kontroll, exempelvis tidig och lång sista blickfixering på målobjektet (Quiet Eye Onset och Quiet Eye Duration) innan en kritisk fas av kinetisk aktivitet hänger ihop med positivt utfall på precisionsuppgifter. Mått på kinetisk aktivitet har också studerats och visat att exempelvis maxhastighet i rörelsen är lägre på träffarPrevious research on various sports has shown that aspects of visual control, namely an earlier onset and longer duration of the final fixation on the target (Quiet Eye Onset and Quiet Eye Duration) before a critical movement is associated with successful outcome on a precision task. Measurements on kinetic activity have also been studied and shown that hits are associated with lower max velocity
