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The work of Beppe Fenoglio, a well-known Italian writer, has increased in popularity in the 90s, more than 30 years after his death. As a reaction to the change in the Italian political scene with the entry of the neo fascist party in the government in the 90s, the new generation felt a need to defend the democratic ideals; this might explain the rediscovery the works of Fenoglio where the partisa
Genom EU-domstolens banbrytande avgörande i UsedSoft 2012 bekräftades att konsumtion av spridningsrätten kan ske till digitala kopior av datorprogram, förutsatt att kraven för en ”första försäljning” enligt artikel 4.2 dator-programdirektivet uppfylls. Domen innebar slutpunkten för den vedertagna uppfattningen att spridning av digitala verk ska klassificeras som tjänster, för vilka konsumtionsprinIn 2012, the CJEU confirmed in the landmark UsedSoft case, that the right of distribution right in regards to digital copies of computer program can be exhausted, provided that the requirements for a “first sale” according to Article 4.2 of the Software Directive is met. The ruling put an end to a previous ion that the distribution of digital copies of copyrighted works is considered as a service
Enligt svensk rätt omfattas även poliser i tjänst av nödvärnsrätten (24 kap. 1 § brottsbalken), vilket gör att den kan åberopas i de fall där ett polis- ingripande slutat i skottlossning. Vid försvarlighetsbedömningen ska poliser och enskilda utövare av nödvärn granskas enligt samma principer, eftersom polisen rent straffrättsligt ska betraktas som privatperson. Det rättsliga utgångsläget är dock According to Swedish law, police officers and citizens alike have the right to self–defence (Swedish penal code, sec. 24 para. 1). This allows police officers to invoke the justification rule after shooting an attacker during an arrest. When judged, general principles of criminal law are applicable to police officers, and they are supposed to be judged as individuals. This dogmatic essay examines
Den kvinna som föder ett barn anses vara barnets rättsliga moder. Enligt den lagstadgade moderskapsregeln i 1 kap. 7 § Föräldrabalken (1949:381) anses den kvinna som föder ett barn som avlats genom en befruktning utanför kroppen med en annan kvinnas ägg vara barnets moder. Det föreligger en faderskapspresumtion för moderns make. Om modern inte är gift vid barnets födelse fastställs faderskapet genThe woman who gives birth to a child is considered to be the legal mother. According to the statutory presumption of maternity in Föräldrabalken (1949: 381) (Children and Parents’ Code) Chapter 1 § 7, the woman who gives birth to a child is considered to bo the childs mother if, the child is conceived through a in vitro fertilization with donor eggs. Her husband is presumed to be the father of the
Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women. The 5-year survival rate for invasive breast cancer is generally good at approximately 80-85%, however it is not uncommon for late recurrences to develop – the relative survival at 15 years is approximately 60%, in contrast to for example uterine cancer where the 5-year is about 80% and very few late deaths occur (80% survival at 15-years).
Den svenska stiftelsen är av mycket gammalt ursprung, och idag ryms flera vitt skilda stiftelsetyper inom stiftelsebegreppet. Bland dessa utmärker sig den näringsdrivande stiftelsen. Trots att stiftelsen inte är en association kan den bedriva näringsverksamhet, antingen direkt genom stiftelsen, eller indirekt via näringsdrivande dotterbolag. Under det senaste halvseklet har den näringsdrivande stiThe Swedish foundation (Sw: stiftelse) is of old origin, and today the concept comprises several different types of foundations, among which the enterprise foundation stands out. Though the foundation is not a form of business entity, it can still carry out commercial activities, either directly through the foundation in its own name, or indirectly via subsidiary companies. During the last half-ce
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Arsenik finns överallt i naturen och släpps även ut genom industrier. Det är ett klassiskt gift som färgat historien, men som även använts inom medicin. Arsenik är det enda kemiska cancerogena ämne som ger hudcancer vid förtäring. Det har även använts inom industrin under en lång tid, och deponering av arsenikhaltigt material kommer att orsaka stora miljöproblem.Arsenic is present everywhere in the world. It is found in the bedrock and is discharged by industries. Differents forms of arsenic varies in toxicity, the inorganic form is much more toxic then the organic form. The inorganic form is most common in drinking water and groundwater, meanwhile the inorganic form can occasionally be found in reasonable large quantities in fish and seafood. Today milli
This thesis examines the independence of the UN treaty bodies, both in its entirety and the autonomy of the individual treaty body members. Since independence is very difficult to measure empirically, this paper uses the theoretical framework of Principal-Trustee theory as a tool by which the independence can be understood. This instrument allows us to examine the independence of the treaty body s
The Base of the Pyramid (BoP) refers to 4 - 4,5 billion people in the world, who are living on less than a few dollars per day. This majority of the world's population has a little resources and is usually considered as a group with no purchasing power and therefore is currently unserved and underserved by current products and services. However, more than any others, the low-income consumers a
Samhället genomgick under 1900-talet stora förändringar. Välfärdsstatens socialpolitiska reformer gjorde att familjens roll förändrades – allt fler av de funktioner som tidigare var förbehållna familjen kom nu att övertas av samhället. Kvinnans ekonomiska självständighet och jämställdhet med mannen stärktes. Kvinnor blev också i allt större utsträckning verksamma på arbetsmarknaden. SkilsmässotaleThe society has experienced major changes in the 20th century. The social politics of the Swedish welfare state has impacted the family role. Important functions which were earlier carried out within the family, is now provided by the social welfare system. The economical independency of the spouses and gender equality strengthened during this period. An additional important factor for the reforma
OBJECTIVE: To measure intracellular and tissue pH in periarticular soft tissue during different phases of antigen induced arthritis in the rat. METHODS: pH was calculated using the following values: (1) the distribution of [14C]-dimethyl-oxazolidinedione; (2) the total tissue water and the extracellular space water volume, which was measured as [14C]-sucrose distribution in nephrectomized rats. Ex
Parasol is a computer program for calculating the solar and thermal properties of windows with sunshades and the energy demands of a room with a window/shading system. The program has three main features. One of them is a calculation of g, T and U for normal incidence of beam irradiation, which is performed as soon as a window or an internal/interpane sunshade is selected. The other two are based
A calorimetric method to determine water activity covering the full range of the water activity scale is presented. A dry stream of nitrogen gas is passed either over the solution whose activity should be determined or left dry before it is saturated by bubbling through water in an isothermal calorimeter. The unknown activity is in principle determined by comparing the thermal power of vaporizatio
Människohandeln är ett mångbottnat problem som får allt högre prioritet på den internationella agendan. Marknadsekonomiska principer om utbud och efterfrågan och social utsatthet som grund till offrens tillgänglighet och en ständigt växande globalisering ger upphov till nya vägar för brottslighetens expansion. Oavsett vilka orsakerna är, så är konsekvenserna förödande. Människors förmåga att utnytHuman trafficking is a multifaceted problem at the heart of the priorities of the international agenda. Principles of market economy with supply and demand and social vulnerability as a condition for the accessibility of victims, together with a constantly growing globalization contributes to this reprehensible phenomenon in today’s society. Regardless of which the reasons are, the consequences ar
Coffee is the most common drink in the world, second only to water. This makes caffeine, the ingredient of coffee known for its wakefulness-promoting effects, one of the most used psychoactive substances. The psychoactive property of caffeine is well-characterized, and entails its interaction with the adenosine receptors, involved in sleep regulation. While studies have shown a deleterious immedia
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: För drygt 500 miljoner år sedan var Sverige beläget söder om ekvatorn och utgjorde tillsammans med resten av Skandinavien och östra Europa en kontinent kallad Baltica. Vid denna tid, under den period som kallas kambrium, var klimatet ganska kallt. I början av kambrium började havet stiga upp över Baltica så att dagens Skåne, samt övriga delar av Sverige, täcktesA core drilling at Almbacken in Södra Sandby, Scania, southern Sweden, penetrated a c. 30 m thick succession of Middle Cambrian-upper Lower Cambrian strata. The Middle Cambrian of this core is the most complete one so far documented in Scania. The core contains a stratigraphical sequence from the Lejopyge laevigata Zone (upper Paradoxides forchhammeri Stage) to the Holmia kjerulfi-group Zone (uppe
Stiff, elastic, viscous shear thinning aqueous gels are formed upon dispersion of low weight percent concentrations of cationically modified cellulose nanofibrils (CCNF) in water. CCNF hydrogels produced from cellulose modified with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride, with degree of substitution (DS) in the range 10.6(3)-23.0(9)%, were characterised using NMR spectroscopy, rheology and small angle
The paper describes full-scale fire-fighting tests performed in an underground mine. A total of six different methods to fight a full scale fire in a mine tunnel were tested. The methods involved different fire-fighting equipment but were comparable regarding fundamental conditions such as length of response-route, fire-fighting set-up, and smoke and fire size. The aim was to compare different equ
The electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the proton are now well known, owing to Compton scattering measurements on hydrogen targets; however, the neutron polarizabilities are still relatively uncertain, compared to the proton values. To address this problem, a multiinstitutional collaboration has conducted a program of elastic Compton scattering experiments on deuterium at the MAX IV Laborat
