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We model an interface layer connecting two parts of a solid body by N parallel elastic springs connecting two rigid blocks. We load the system by a shear force acting on the top side. The springs have equal stiffness but are ruptured randomly when the load reaches a critical value. For the considered system, we calculate the shear modulus G as a function of the order parameter phi describing the s

A high respiratory rate associated with the use of small tidal volumes, recommended for acute lung injury (ALI), shortens time for gas diffusion in the alveoli. This may decrease CO2 elimination. We hypothesized that a postinspiratory pause could enhance CO2 elimination and reduce PaCO2 by reducing dead space in ALI. In 15 mechanically ventilated patients with ALI and hypercapnia, a 20% postinspir

A 2D numerical study of the damage accumulation at the root of a Powder Metallurgy (PM) manufactured gear wheel subjected to frequent overloads, i.e. low cycle fatigue loading, has been performed. The initial porosity distribution of the gear was obtained from a 3D simulation of double action compaction of the gear. The porosity distributions over the centre plane and at the surface were transferr

Wind noise was measured in four behind-the-ear hearing instruments with different microphone openings. A silent airflow of 7 m/s was directed toward the ear of a Kemar head and the resulting wind noise was measured. The amplification was set to an insertion gain of 35 dB at 1.6 kHz. The wind noise amplitude at the position of the drum ranged from 84 to 97 dB(A). The hearing instrument with a parti

A kinematic hardening plasticity model valid for finite strains is presented. The model is based on the well-known multiplicative split of the deformation gradient into elastic and plastic parts. The basic ingredient in the formulation is the introduction of a locally defined configuration-a centre configuration-which is associated with a deformation gradient that is used to characterize the kinem

Local vibrational mode (LVM) spectroscopy is used to explore the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HP) on the formation of small oxygen-related clusters (dimers, trimers, thermal donors, and C-O complexes) at 450degreesC and 650degreesC in Cz-Si crystals with different impurity content and prehistory. It is found, in agreement with previous studies, that HP enhances the oxygen clustering in Cz-

Monoclonal antibodies for targeting cytotoxic conjugates to tumor cells are currently being evaluated together with extracorporeal affinity adsorption. The aim of the adsorption was to reduce undesired side effects in normal organs and to increase the tumor-to-normal tissue ratios. This technique is also applicable to several other therapeutic areas such as immune-mediated disorders, that is, auto

Adaptive tracking of non-linear dynamic plants is currently an important area of research. The main difficulty being felt by the research community is the lack of a general modelling framework that can facilitate synthesis of a simplistic control law while being capable of providing accurate approximation of non-linear systems. In this study a novel technique based on the control-oriented U-model

In this paper, a fully automatic method for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) from V/Q-scans is presented. Image analysis is applied to the ventilation and the perfusion images obtained in the V/Q-scan. The difference of the ventilation and the perfusion is calculated after transformation and hot-spot reduction of the images. From this difference image the integral of the underperfused area

Capillary electrophoresis of nucleic acids has recently employed gels of self-assembled uncharged triblock copolymers as sieving media. Pluronic F127 contains poly(ethylene oxide) (EO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PO) with the block structure (EO)(106)(PO)(70)(EO)(106). Aqueous solutions of 30% w/w of this polymer are liquids at low temperatures but above 11 degreesC the polymers assemble to micelle

In this study, we investigated the interaction of fengycin, a lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis, with lipid monolayers using the Langmuir trough technique in combination with Brewster angle rnicroscopy. Thermodynamic analyses were performed to get further information about the mixing behavior and the molecular interactions between the two components. The effect of fengycin on the structura

About the concept of pain in a literary context.

Background: Efforts to culture red blood cells (RBCs) for transfusion purposes are ongoing in numerous research laboratories worldwide. In addition, smaller-scale erythroid culture is one of many approaches toward better understanding of erythropoiesis, enucleation and RBC biology. Our center recently changed from traditional blood component separation to the Reveos(R) automated blood- processing