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In 2018 the South Korean Supreme Court declared the Military Service Act unconstitutional and mandated that the National Assembly implement an alternative service for those who object to military service for moral or religious reasons. This ruling is a reversal from previous cases dealing with the same issue. Using theories of institutional change, this paper investigates the evolution of the judi
This paper employs a biopolitical framework to critically analyse Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency’s (Sida) development and humanitarian policies, focusing on how these align with broader biopolitical strategies aimed to shape the lives of populations in recipient countries. Through a critical discourse analysis of four key policy documents, the study addresses the central ques
The Øresund Fixed Link is a 15,9 km road and railway connection between the southerly Swedish city of Malmö and its neighbor across the Øresund strait, Copenhagen, in Denmark. The link, which opened in 2000, consists of an elevated bridge, including a high stay cable bridge, an artificial island, as well as a submerged tunnel. The operators of the link, Øresundsbron Consortium, have recently, as p
The design process of buildings has historically treated mechanical, electrical, plumbing (MEP) Systems, particularly Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) as an afterthought which leads to compromised spatial qualities inefficient routing systems. This systemic marginalisation of environmental engineering withing architectural discourse has traditionally prioritised the visual form of
Social and physical activities can improve sleep in older people. However, living in a residential care facility has been associated with a limited potential for activities and increased inactivity, reflected in poor sleep among residents. In turn, poor sleep can impair physical and mental functions. This paper explores sleep habits and everyday activities at three residential care facilities and
Detta examensarbete behandlar olika aspekter av internationell investeringsrätt. Bilaterala eller regionala investeringsavtal tillsammans med internationell sedvanerätt reglerar mestadels rättsområdet. Sedvanerätten är inte harmoniserad på området vilket gör den osäker för investerare. För att främja investeringar och göra investeringar säkrare började länder förhandla bilaterala investeringsavtalThis thesis deals with various aspects of international investment law. Bilateral or regional investment treaties together with international customary law mostly govern international investment law. The area of customary law is not harmonized leaving it uncertain and unsafe for investors. Countries therefore started to negotiate bilateral investment treaties, BITs, in the late 1950´s as a way of
The levels of p-tau217 and p-tau231 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are associated with early amyloid beta (Aß) changes in the brain, while the CSF levels of p-tau205 are foremost related to tau pathology in the later stages of the disease. To investigate if the three p-tau variants are found to the same degree in different tau structures and if their co-localization is affected by the diagnosis and
Stefan Larsson's Conceptions in the Code contributes invaluably to socio-legal analysis and conceptual metaphor theory. By examining cases of digital copyright, Larsson elucidates the role that metaphor plays when law is accommodating technological change, displaying both conceptual path-dependence as well as non-legislative developments in law. Analyses draw from conceptual studies of property sp
Long-distance migratory animals such as birds and bats have evolved to withstand selection imposed by pathogens across the globe, and pathogen richness is known to be particularly high in tropical regions. Immune genes, so-called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes, are highly duplicated in songbirds compared to other vertebrates, and this high MHC diversity has been hypothesised to resul
Sustainability involves not only the analysis of social-environmental systems but also the dynamics of-economic and political structures. In Ecuador, pressing environmental issues such as climate change,-biodiversity loss, and soil degradation are intricately tied to both local and global extractive economies,-including industries related to fossil fuels, minerals, and biological resources. The An
The school segregation has been growing in the Swedish schooling system in the recent years, where pupils with different backgrounds to a lower extent meet each other in the schooling system. At the same time the differences in results between schools, and the relationship between family background and pupils’ school results is increasing. This has spurred a political will to act on the growing sc
Perceptions of human-Nature relations (HNRs) have been long theorised to be one of the factors causing global warming and environmental degradation. While individuals in Western societies have been increasingly recognising intrinsic values in Nature, ‘Mastery over Nature’, considered as prompting harmful interactions with Nature, is still prevalent at the social level. Social movements, such as De
In the practice of modern international law, if a certain understanding is advanced as the correct interpretation of a treaty provision, the proposition is assessed using the rules of interpretation laid down in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Articles 31–33. This article is concerned with the relationship held in such an interpretation process between the preparatory work of a
