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Automation programming is typically done using blocks and dataflow connections, in diagram languages that support user-defined block types. Often, these types are intended to be instantiated and connected to other blocks in common patterns, corresponding to anticipated variability. We present the new language mechanisms of wirings and recommendations that allow these intentions to be encoded as fe
Deterministic builds, where the compile and build processes are reproducible, can be used to achieve increased trust in distributed binaries. As the trust can be distributed across a set of builders, where all provide their own signature of a byte-to-byte identical binary, all have to cooperate in order to introduce unwanted code in the binary. On the other hand, if an attacker manages to incorpor
During the Proterozoic, several mafic dykes with variable trends and mineralogies intruded the Archaean basement of Southeast Greenland. Some of the younger ENE-trending dykes are interpreted to represent a prolongation of the Mesoproterozoic Gardar Province, and have been termed Timmiarmiit dykes. Extrapolations of their trends across the inland ice sheet coincide with the northernmost so-called
This paper describes an extensive propagation channel measurement campaign in a warehouse environment for line-of-sight (LOS) and nonline-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios. The measurement setup employs a vector network analyzer operating in the 2-8-GHz frequency band combined with an 8×8 virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array. We develop a comprehensive statistical propagation channe
MapReduce has become the standard model for supporting big data analytics. In particular, MapReduce job optimization has been widely considered to be crucial in the implementations of big data analytics. However, there is still a lack of guidelines especially for practitioners to understand how the MapReduce jobs can be optimized. This paper aims to systematic identify and taxonomically classify t
This paper presents simulation results for a sliding-IF SiGe E-band transmitter circuit for the 81-86 GHz E-band. The circuit was designed in a SiGe process with fT = 200 GHz and uses a supply of 1.5 V. The low supply voltage eliminates the need for a dedicated transmitter voltage regulator. The carrier generation is based on a 28 GHz quadrature voltage oscillator (QVCO). Upconversion to 84 GHz is
Where and how new industrial paths emerge are much debated questions in economic geography, especially in light of the recent evolutionary turn. This article contributes to the ongoing debate on path creation with a new analytical framework that specifies the formation of generic resources in embryonic industries. It suggests that path creation processes are not only conditioned by preexisting reg
This work presents a digital calibration technique in continuous-time (CT) delta-sigma (Δ Σ) analog to digital converter. The converter is clocked at 144 MHz with a low oversampling ratio (OSR) of only 8. Dynamic element matching is not efficient to linearize the digital to analog converter (DAC) when the OSR is very low. Therefore, non-idealities in the outermost multi-bit feedback DAC are measur
Direct conversion receivers are widely used for full duplex mobile radio communication systems. This paper describes a novel SAW-less single-ended RF amplifier connected to a single-ended mixer with a feedback loop that suppresses the second-order distortion from TX cross modulation of the LO-leakage as well as DC-offset at the mixer output. In Monte Carlo simulations the design achieves +47 dBm m
Change Impact Analysis (CIA) during software evolution of safety-critical systems is a labor-intensive task. Several authors have proposed tool support for CIA, but very few tools were evaluated in industry. We present a case study on ImpRec, a recommendation System for Software Engineering (RSSE), tailored for CIA at a process automation company. ImpRec builds on assisted tracing, using informati
Quantitative data comes with enormous possibilities for presenting key characteristics of the data in a very compressed form. Basic descriptive statistics, like mean and standard deviation, comprise thousands or millions of data points into single numbers. In contrast, qualitative data, with its focus on descriptions, words, and phrases does not come with such powerful tools, leading to wordy desc
Liposomes are biodegradable nanoparticle vesicles consisting of a lipid bilayer encapsulating an aqueous core. Entrapped cargo material is shielded from the extra-vesicular medium and sustained release of encapsulated material can be achieved. However, application of liposomes as nano-carriers demands their characterization concerning size and size distribution, particle-number concentration, occu
We consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel with inter-symbol interference (ISI) where signal detection is highly complex due to the large signal state-space dimensionality. A common strategy is to apply a front-end filter (FEF) to eliminate the ISI dimension (i.e. full ISI equalization). This FEF is then followed by a frequency non-selective MIMO detector. However, another, much l
A fully integrated remote antenna unit (RAU) intended for fiber-fed distributed multiple-input multiple-output systems is presented. The circuit is designed for narrowband (60 MHz) time-division duplex systems, where an IF over fiber approach is chosen to facilitate the use of low-cost optical components and integrated photodetectors. A novel antenna switch control scheme is introduced, which enab
BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) prior to iodine contrast media (CM) examinations. It is also recommended that absolute eGFR in mL/min, not commonly used relative GFR (adjusted to body surface area; mL/min/1.73 m(2)), should be preferred when dosing and evaluating toxicity of renally excreted drugs.PURPOSE: To validate the absolute Lund-Malmö equatio
Recent changes in user employment of Internet based services, new deployment technologies for mobile networks as well as an ongoing realisation of fixed and mobile converged networks e.g. the EU FP7 project COMBO, are significant examples of enablers for increasing demands on DSL links. Investigating cross-layer dependencies between all layers in the OSI reference model becomes increasingly import
Decision making and requirements scoping occupy central roles in helping to develop products that are demanded by the customers and ensuring company strategies are accurately realized in product scope. Many companies experience continuous and frequent scope changes and fluctuations but struggle to measure the phenomena and correlate the measurement to the quality of the requirements process. We pr
