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The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in human life and undergoes dynamic changes throughout the human lifespan, from infancy to old age. During our life, the gut microbiota influences health and disease across life stages. This review summarizes the discussions and presentations from the symposium “Gut microbiota development from infancy to old age” held in collaboration with the Journal of Int
Permanent ponds are key landscape units that supply various ecosystem services. Notably, the export of aquatic subsidies to land via emerging insects may significantly influence terrestrial food webs. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which enhance consumer fitness, are among the essential exported components. The patterns and drivers of dietary exports from ponds via insects remain poorly known
Compassion fatigue (CF), a diminished empathic capacity resulting from prolonged exposure to others’ distress, is an emerging concern in the teaching profession. This study investigates the prevalence and predictors of CF among Swedish teachers, with a particular focus on reduced compassion toward students. Drawing on the job demands-resources model and the compassion fatigue resilience model, we
This study investigates the wages and labour contracts of Khoe workers in Graaff Reinet, a district on the Cape Colony’s eastern frontier in the early nineteenth century. Using wage registers from 1801 to 1810, we offer the first individual-level analysis of wages for both male and female Khoe workers, examining payment forms, socio-economic stratification, and gendered wage dynamics. The findings
Objective: To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of serous and mucinous cystadenomas in the adnexa. Methods: This was a retrospective international multicenter study. Using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database, patients with a histological diagnosis of serous or mucinous cystadenoma who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination between 1999 and 2016 (I
Retrieving episodic memories often involves reconstructing both their semantic content and the emotional context in which they occurred. However, the neural mechanisms that differentiate these forms of reinstatement remain poorly understood. This event-related potential (ERP) study examines how semantic category and emotional valence are reinstated during memory retrieval.Seventy participants enco
Executive functions are a set of cognitive skills enabling goal‑directed behaviours. Both mammals and birds have highly proficient executive functions, despite diverging from each other around 360 million years ago. This cognitive convergence is due to both taxa being tachymetabolic endotherms. They can maintain a stable and elevated body temperature with a high metabolism. However, in order to su
HfO2, one of the most common materials in resistive switching devices, can stabilize in a ferroelectric orthorhombic phase, enabling two nonvolatile polarization states via oxygen displacement in the unit cell. Under certain conditions, ferroelectric and resistive switching can coexist, independently addressable, within one device. This study employs operando spectroscopic analysis to elucidate th
Background We investigate whether, in Swedish national registers, social and psychiatric outcomes for six major psychiatric and substance disorders - drug use disorder (DUD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), major depression (MD), bipolar disorder (BD), anxiety disorder (AD), and schizophrenia (SZ) - reflect the primary genetic risk for each disorder and the level of genetic heterogeneity. Methods We u
Despite significant progress in oncology research, pancreatic cancer remains inherently difficult to treat, and the mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance remain unresolved. Decorin (DCN), a member of the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans, has emerged as a versatile actor in various malignant diseases. The aim of this study was to further explore the potential clinical significance
Immigrants from the Middle East to Sweden have a twice as high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity as native-born Swedes. Both obesity and T2D have been linked to increased incidence of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality (ACM); however, data on differences between ethnicities are scarce. In a population-based cohort we aimed to study the impact of Middle Easte
Cell culturing methods are increasingly used to reduce and replace the use of live animals in biomedical research and chemical toxicity testing. Although live animals are avoided when using cell culturing methods, they often contain animal-derived components of which one of the most commonly used is foetal bovine serum (FBS). FBS is added to cell culture media among other supplements to support ce
This article discusses what we call the Asymmetry Problem, a theoretical question of how asymmetric properties of prosodic phrasing should generally be accounted for within the framework of Match Theory. Unlike Alignment Theory, in which phrasing asymmetry can be derived by mapping constraints (e.g., Align-XP), Match Theory cannot derive any phrasing asymmetry from mapping (i.e., Match) constraint
Despite the increasing popularity of studies on teachers’ national curriculum adaptations, there is no comparative study elucidating teachers’ adaptations in centralized and decentralized educational contexts through sense-making theory lenses. This paper presents a comparative case study of Turkish and Swedish senior classroom teachers’ curricular adaptations concerning sense-making theory. We ge
Food security necessitates a multifaceted strategy, ranging from social protection to providing healthy food. Change in existing food systems is needed to create a more equitable and sustainable society. Hunger is one of the significant challenges in the world that arise due to food insecurity, bad quality, food waste, and losses that leads to damage of public health. The implementation of green f
The Eastern Orthodox Churches in post-communist Eastern Europe are embroiled in long-running conflicts over ownership of territory, saints, sites, nations, and history. These often violent conflicts reflect political and national rivalries, most explicitly in former Yugoslavia and Ukraine. They are often understood as simplified ethnic-national tensions with religious overtones, but, as this book
Empirical and clinical research suggests that some individuals find self-generating compassion and receiving compassion from others difficult and aversive. However, it is unclear how these fears of compassion are linked to early experiences and to psychopathological symptoms. This study explores the relationship between shame traumatic memories, centrality of shame memories, early memories of warm
Businesses in the present era are dealing with a complex and unprecedented brew of social, environmental, and technological trends. This requires sophisticated, sustainability-based management. Yet organizations are often reluctant to place sustainability core to their business strategies with the mistaken belief that the costs associated with environmental investments outweigh the benefits. The G
