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This chapter addresses children’s lives and living conditions during the early modern period in Sweden. A case study on the population at one of Sweden’s most important historical mines, the Sala Silver mine forms the basis for a discussion about children’s work, their diets, and how gender roles and social status may have affected their health. Two sources provide complementing and sometimes cont

Mercury was measured onboard the IAGOS-CARIBIC passenger aircraft from May 2005 until February 2016 during near monthly sequences of mostly four intercontinental flights from Germany to destinations in North and South America, Africa and South and East Asia. Most of these mercury data were obtained using an internal default signal integration procedure of the Tekran instrument but since April 2014

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and dementia are predominant among the elderly; patients with AF have an increased dementia risk. We aimed to study if prescribed antihypertensive drugs and cardiovascular pharmacotherapies are associated with a lower relative risk of dementia. Methods: All included patients were ≥45 years and diagnosed with AF in primary care; 12,096 (6580 men and 5516 women)

The sympathetic nervous system and the adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulation of blood pressure. This study explored the associations between functional polymorphisms of the α 2B -, β 1 -, and β 2 -adrenergic receptor genes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in hypertensive patients and hypertension in patients with OSA in a populationbased sample of 157 hypertensive patients and

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3B plays an important role in the antilipolytic action of insulin and, thereby, the release of fatty acids from adipocytes. Increased concentrations of circulating fatty acids as a result of elevated or unrestrained lipolysis cause insulin resistance. The lipolytic action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is thought to be one of the mechanisms by which

Measurements are presented of inclusive charm and beauty cross sections in e(+)p collisions at HERA for values of photon virtuality 12 <= Q(2) = 60 GeV2 and of the Bjorken scaling variable 0.0002 <= x <= 0.005. The fractions of events containing charm and beauty quarks are determined using a method based on the impact parameter, in the transverse plane, of tracks to the primary vertex, as measured

Reactions of trans and cis isomers of the Ru-II complex [RuCl2(DMSO)(4)] with single-stranded hexanucleotide d(T(2)GGT(2)) were studied in aqueous solutions in the absence and presence of excess chloride by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Despite the different reactive species formed from

Protein C (PC) is activated to an essential anticoagulant enzyme (activated PC or APC) by thrombin (T) bound to thrombomodulin (TM), a membrane receptor present on the surface of endothelial cells. The understanding of this complex biological system is in part limited due to the lack of integration of experimental and structural data. In the work presented here, we analyze the PC-T-TM pathway in t

Transient kinetics of the equine infectious anemia virus deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotide hydrolase were characterized by monitoring the fluorescence of the protein. Rate constants for the association and dissociation of substrate and inhibitors were determined and found to be consistent with a one-step mechanism for substrate binding. A C-terminal part of the enzyme presumed to be flexible

As a first application of optical double resonance and zero field level crossing spectroscopy to the elements of the sixth group in the periodic table of the atoms, the 5p36s5S2 level in the Te-I spectrum was investigated using natural tellurium in a high temperature quartz cell. For the electronic Landé-factor and the natural radiative lifetime the following values were obtained:$$g_J \left( {5p^

The effects of UV-C (254 nm) and UV-B (280-320 nm) on chlorophyll fluorescence induction and ultraweak luminescence (UL) in detached leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. were investigated. UL from leaves exposed to UV-B and UV-C radiation reached a maximum 72 h after irradiation. In both cases most of the light was of a wavelength over 600 nm. An increase in the percentage of long wavelength light

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen behandlar frågan om vad man i Sverige brukar kalla "människovärde". Denna fråga belyses genom en analys av begreppen "livets helgd" och "livskvalitet" som i den anglo-saxiska debatten har kommit att symbolisera två helt olika sätt att tolka det mänskliga livet värde. Tanken om livets helgd brukar anföras av dem som tror att livets värde är inneboende och iThe principles of sanctity of life and quality of life are often appealed to in medical decisions at the "edges of life." Notwithstanding their importance in bioethics, these principles are still badly understood. This study is an attempt to clarify their normative significance and content. Because these principles pertain to the more general question of the value of life, the study begins by exp

The objective of the study was to find ways of improvement of the dissolved air flotation process by studying the flow structure. The paper presents experimental data on flow structures and the relation between the flow structure and the removal efficiency. Measurements have been performed in a pilot plant with an Acoustical Doppler Velocimeter. The water velocity was measured in a grid net, givin

The level crossing method has been used for the investigation of the hyperfine structure of the 6p2P3/2 and 7p2P3/2 levels of the isotopes Cs133, Cs135, and Cs137. For the hyperfine coupling constants a and b and for the lifetimes ? we find: a(6p Cs133)=50.72(3) gJ/-1.345, b(6p Cs133)=-0.38(18) gJ/-1.345 a(7p Cs133)=16.610(6) gJ/-1.3349, b(7p Cs133)=-0.15(3) gJ/-1.3349 a(6p Cs135)=53.64(4) gJ/-1.3

The number-size distribution and hygroscopic growth of submicrometer aerosol particles were measured in central Amazonia during the first Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment (CLAIRE) wet season experiment in March-April 1998. This was the first time ever that these types of measurements were performed in the Amazon rain forest. A Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS) was used to mea

The effects of continuous and intermittent inhalation of trichloroethylene (TCE) were studied in male and female mice. Plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity, body, liver, kidney and spleen weights were measured. The liver was studied histologically and motor activity measured with doppler radar. Continuous TCE-exposure (37–300 p.p.m.) increased plasma BuChE activity in the males in a time

1. The distribution of the carbon monoxide (CO) producing enzymes haem oxygenase (HO)-1 and -2 was studied by immunohistochemistry in the pig's lower urinary tract, including bladder extramural arteries, and the oesophagogastric junction (OGJ). In isolated smooth muscle from the urethra and the OGJ, the mechanisms for CO-induced relaxations were characterized by measurement of cyclic nucleotide le

Electrochemical real-time monitoring of ligand binding to an engineered opioid receptor specific for morphine is reported. In the particular systems studied, 90% of the binding was found to be completed after only 85-120 s. Thus, the binding kinetics has proven to be more rapid than previously believed. The observed association rate constant for the morphine binding reaction was calculated to be 2