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In the primary school classroom, children are exposed to multiple factors that combine to create adverse conditions for listening to and understanding what the teacher is saying. Despite the ubiquity of these conditions, there is little knowledge concerning the way in which various factors combine to influence listening comprehension and the effortfulness of listening. The aim of the present study
I estimate a demand model for car inspection services to investigate car owners' choice of stations and its implications for competition, and to evaluate the impact on consumer welfae of removing the state monopoly on inspection services. Using detailed data on car owners' choices of station in the Swedish motor vehicle inspection market, I find that car owners are willing to pay SEK 41 or 9\% mor
This study examines the factors that shaped the long-term evolution of the ICT industry in Sweden, 1950-2013. Using a new historical microdatabase on actual innovation output, the driving forces and technological interdependencies in the third industrial revolution are chronicled. The results of this study support some stylized facts about technological interdependencies in general-purpose technol
Vi har lyckan att leva i en föränderlig värld, och med förändringar följer variation. Den stora variationen i yttre egenskaper hos djur, och i synnerhet deras färger, fascinerar både forskare och lekmän. I den här avhandlingen utforskar jag flera aspekter på varför, och hur, färgvariation evolverar hos en karismatisk insektsgrupp. Dammflicksländor är färgglada, dagaktiva och visuellt drivna organiSexual conflict over mating shapes the interactions between males and females in many animals and is also responsible for dramatic adaptations in both sexes. In some species of pond damselflies (Odonata:Coeangrionidae), sexual conflict maintains discrete female-limited colour morphs over multiple generations and within populations. One of the female morphs is typically male-coloured and considered
The aim of this paper is to combine remote sensing data with geo-coded household survey data in order to measure the impact of different socio-economic and biophysical factors on maize yields. We use multilevel linear regression to model village mean maize yield per year as a function of NDVI, commercialization, pluriactivity and distance to market. We draw on seven years of panel data on African
Aim: This study compared follow-up protocols for paediatric celiac disease (CD) led by either paediatricians or dietitians at Swedish university hospitals. Methods: We followed 363 CD patients under 18 years at the university hospitals in Malmö (n = 140) and Lund (n = 79) between 2011 and 2013 and after they merged to become Skåne (n = 144) between 2014 and 2016. Both Lund and Malmö provided regul
The Swedish Medical Products Agency (MPA) objects to the fact that we occasionally refer to one of its senior ex-employees by name. However, names of individual MPA assessors, FDA reviewers, and EMA rapporteurs and co-rapporteurs are reported in regulatory documents and are a matter of public record. In our paper we in no way suggest that regulatory decisions were left to individual reviewers or a
This article measures the impact of the switch to new and more expensive drugs on the aggregate drug expenditure (both prescription and nonprescription) in Sweden during the period 1974 to 1991, and also on the disaggregated expenditure for 3 medical areas: asthma, hypertension and peptic ulcer disease. During the period studied, nominal drug expenditure increased 6-fold. The retail price index of
All five Nordic countries emphasize equal and easy access to healthcare, assuming that increased access to healthcare leads to increased health. It is the purpose of the present study to explore to which extent the populations of these countries have reached good health and a high degree of socio-economic equality in health. Each of the five countries has established extensive public health progra
Statement of context: Occupational therapists and physiotherapists in a Swedish municipality answered a web-based survey about their reablement interventions. Critical reflection on practice: There were overlapping areas as well as differences regarding the focus of occupational and physiotherapy interventions. Regarding the duration of interventions, occupational therapy was implemented over a sh
Perhaps the most important unmet clinical need in Parkinson's disease (PD) is the development of a therapy that can slow or halt disease progression. Extensive preclinical research has provided evidence for the neurorestorative properties of several growth factors, yet only a few have been evaluated in clinical studies. Attempts to achieve neuroprotection by addressing cell-autonomous mechanisms a
Aims: We tested the association between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and divorce; estimated the genetic and environmental influences on divorce; estimated how much genetic and environmental influences accounted for covariance between AUD and divorce; and estimated latent genetic and environmental correlations between AUD and divorce. We tested sex differences in these effects. Design: We identified
The microbial etiology and source of sepsis influence the inflammatory response. Therefore, the plasma levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10), chemokines (CCL2/MCP-1, MIP-1β), heparin-binding protein (HBP), soluble CD14 (sCD14), and cortisol were analyzed in blood from septic patients obtained during the first 96 hours of intensive care unit hospitalization. The etiology was established in 56
PurposeThe aim of this study was to develop and test an instrument to measure surrendering at the time of anesthesia induction and to explore the construct validity.DesignAn instrumental cross-sectional design was used and construct validity was evaluated via psychometric testing.MethodsThe anesthesia surrendering instrument (ASI) comprised 36 items. A total of 202 adults (older than 18 years) ans
Lack of recovery from everyday strains and demands is connected to increased levels of stress-related problems and development of ill-health. There is much research on how to handle and prevent fatigue and stress in leisure time, but research on working time is more scarce. A recent study found that employees' experience of recovery during working hours was related to high self-rated health. OBJEC
At present our knowledge of enteric peptide-containing neurons in man is limited. In this study we have used human appendices removed at surgery to examine the peptidergic innervation by immunocytochemistry, immunochemistry, and pharmacological in vitro experiments. Immunocytochemistry revealed a variety of peptide-containing nerve fiber populations in the human appendix. VIP/PHI-, VIP/PHI/NPY-, S
Through the construction of a Palestinian diasporic topography of Malmö, this chapter focuses on the interrelationship of multiple spaces of action and interaction of Palestinians, locally and transnationally. In addition, given the different identifications and migration trajectories of Malmö Palestinians (originating in the West Bank, Gaza but also Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and beyond, as well as
