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We review the role of two susceptibility genes; G72 and DAAO in glutamate neurotransmission and the aetiology of schizophrenia. The gene product of G72 is an activator of DAAO (D-amino acid oxidase), which is the only enzyme oxidising D-serine. D-serine is an important co-agonist for the NMDA glutamate receptor and plays a role in neuronal migration and cell death. Studies of D-serine revealed low
The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family of neuropeptides, consists of CGRP, adrenomedullin, amylin, and calcitonin. The receptors consist of either calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) or calcitonin receptor (CTR) which for function needs an accessory protein, receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs). CGRP has a pivotal role in primary headaches but the role of the other members o
Cell therapy raises hopes high for better treatment of brain disorders. However, the majority of transplanted cells often die soon after transplantation, and those that survive initially continue to die in the subacute phase, diminishing the impact of transplantations. In this study, we genetically modified transplanted human neural stem cells (hNSCs), from 2 distant embryonic stem cell lines (H9
The WTO Doha Round illustrates the conflict of unequal distribution of influence between the developing and developed countries in multilateral trade negotiations and the changing of power relations over time. This thesis analyzes and explains how the developing countries have influenced the multilateral trade negotiations of the WTO Doha Round using a model of analysis testing and comparing reali
As a reaction to the failing decolonization process in West Papua, Indonesia, in the 1960s, a domestic movement was created that demanded their right to an independent nation. In the decades to come, a transnational solidarity network responded to, and developed around, the West Papuan resistance. This essay takes its departure in the West Papuan solidarity network, a concept referring to differe
The topic of this thesis is the EU's policy on irregular immigration. At the centre of the inquiry is the externally-oriented and externalizing approach to irregular immigration that has been adopted in the EU and the predominant use of external measures in the EU's policy to deal with irregular immigration at the cost of internal and protective measures. The EU's policy is questioned
This thesis is divided into 6 parts. In the 1st part, there are some general remarks concerning the rationale for the choice of topic and the methods used for researching and delimiting it. In the 2nd part, various systems of international and national legislation regulating trade marks are introduced. There is also a very short introduction to some general trade mark issues. The notion of trade m
Historically, minority rights have played a role in conflict prevention. The current situation in the West, where it is asserted that Islam is not compatible with democracy and Western values, lends itself to the application of such rights. The maintenance of Muslim group identity is a crucial factor, if the Muslim communities are to feel integrated and accepted in Western society. However, it is
The Law of Carriage of Goods by Sea is dominated by international conventions. Both Sweden and England have one of these conventions, the Hague-Visby Rules (HVR), as the basis for their mandatory legislation. Accordingly, the relationship between the parties to a contract of carriage by sea is generally regulated in similar ways in these two countries. The new Swedish Maritime Code from 1994 has t
The purpose of this thesis was to explore the way the concept of family is defined in the legislation on family-related migration in Sweden and what implications this definition have for the applicants, for family-related migration and for the view on family in Sweden. The empirical material consisted of five individual, semi-structured interviews with officials working with cases concerning famil
The European Court of Justice has established many fundamental principles with its case law, but one of the most important was created in the Cassis de Dijon case, where an open-ended list of mandatory requirements was first introduced, opening up new possibilities for Member States to justify measures that hinder the free movement of goods. One question has however not been answered, and that i
Blommiga Bladet avser en serie hårdbottnar i den lägre delen av den ordoviciska Ortoceratitkalkstenen i mellersta och södra Sverige. De bildades över ett 500,000 km² stort grundhav som täckte nuvarande Sverige, Baltikum och västra Ryssland (Baltoscandia). Blommiga Bladet har blivit beskriven i bl.a. Ryssland som ”Steklo”, ”Pustakkith” i Estland och från djupa borrkärnor i Polen. OrtoceratitkalksteBlommiga Bladet, Flowery Sheet in English, is an Early Ordovician (basal Dapingian) hardground complex in the lowermost part of the Orthoceratite Limestone in southern Sweden. It formed in an epicontinental sea, across Baltoscandia and has been described also from Russia as “Steklo”, from Estonia as “Pustakkith” and from deep borings in Poland, thus covering an area exceeding 500,000 km². The Orth
Traditionellt anses vulkanoklastiska interbeds ha dålig reservoarpotential på grund av de vulkaniska komponenterna, som lätt kan omvandlas till olika lermineral. Publicerade arbeten från interbasaltiska sedimentära avlagringar i Faroe-Shetlands Basin tyder dock på annat. Denna studie syftar därför till att utvärdera porositets- och permeabilitetsegenskaper hos vulkanoklastiska interbeds från FaroeTraditionally, volcaniclastic interbeds have been considered to have poor reservoir potential due to their volcanic components readily altering to various clay minerals, but published discoveries within lava successions in the Faroe-Shetland Basin may challenge this dogma. This study therefore, evaluates porosities and permeabilities for volcaniclastic interbeds from the Faroe Islands Basalt Group
This research addresses the role and the power that the media have in framing information about terrorism and also the importance of the media in a well functioning democracy. In order to do so, a case study of the Terrorist Organization November 17 (or 17N) in Greece is presented, using theories related to terrorism, media and political influence in order to better understand the way that the med
The study investigates the relationship between offshoring activities and the financial performance of manufacturing firms. The study also investigates the impact of the Euro crisis in combination with offshoring activities.
In this thesis I examine the forest as the nexus of social and environmental worlds in Israel. By exploring the history of the Jewish National Fund (JNF) and afforestation, I synthesize the given literature using a lens of human ecology to delve into the cultural, social, political, and ecological processes by which afforestation is simultaneously a tool of nation-building and a mechanism of ethno
This thesis is a submission for the new modern area of law that is intangible, immaterial and immovable. It can be called as virtual property or virtuality as such. Mainly due to globalization, the 21st century could be regarded as the beginning for a new digitalization era. Along with the expansion and generalization of the use of the Internet, digitalization has created a concept known as virtua
The author of the paper discusses the issue of treaty shopping and anti-treaty shopping measures adopted by different states. The purpose of the paper is to find out the algorithm of determination of the borderline between the use of double tax treaties and treaty shopping in international tax law could be found. Thus, the author, firstly, discusses the mechanics of treaty shopping and shows the m
