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Noncitizens are excluded from the decision making processes inside the liberal democratic community. The aim of this study is twofold: to identify the premises for a citizenship extended to aliens, and, to identify the most viable approach to a citizenship extended to aliens in the context of the welfare state in Scandinavia. The objects of interest in the study are four theoretical approaches whi

This thesis attempts to investigate why and how MNCs establish appropriate CSR policies for subsidiaries in different countries. The aim of the thesis is to develop a model that reveals factors that influence the CSR focuses of MNC subsidiaries in different countries, and test the model.In order to achieve the purpose of the thesis, a qualitative deductive research design has been applied, based o

Syftet med den här diskursanalysen är att undersöka svensk rasism 1996-2013 med Zygmunt Baumans teoretiska perspektiv att rasismen är en del av moderniteten. De följande frågorna är viktiga: hur har rasismen utvecklats under de senaste tjugo åren i Sverige? Vad har legat till grund för utvecklingen och vilka är effekterna på makt, demokrati och samhället i stort? För att besvara dessa frågor har t

Last year’s demographical changes and times of internationalization and also individualization have led to changes in the way welfare services are delivered. More specifically there have been changes made within social care and health care. The new times that have led to privatization has also increased the amount of service providers. Within elderly care, this is not an exception. Waves of New Pu

Background: Germline BRCA1 mutations confer a substantial lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer, but whether cancer at other sites is increased is less clear. To evaluate the risks of other cancers in BRCA1 mutation carriers, we conducted a cohort study of 11 847 individuals from 699 families segregating a BRCA1 mutation that were ascertained in 30 centers across Europe and North America. Met

We report the isolation and partial genetic characterization of two equine strains of granulocytic Ehrlichia of the genogroup Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Frozen whole-blood samples from two Swedish horses with laboratory-verified granulocytic ehrlichiosis were inoculated into HL-60 cell cultures. Granulocytic Ehrlichia was isolated and propagated from both horses. DNA extracts from the respective st

Biological processes often involve the surfaces of proteins, where the structural and dynamic properties of the aqueous solvent are modified. Information about the dynamics of protein hydration can be obtained by measuring the magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD) of the water 2 H and 17 0 nuclei or by recording the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) between water and protein protons. Here, we use the

Synthesis of the antimicrobial protein neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) increases dramatically in bronchial epithelial cells and alveolear type II pneumocytes during lung inflammation. IL-1beta induces a >10-fold up-regulation of NGAL expression in the type II pneumocyte-derived cell line A549 cells, whereas TNF-alpha, IL-6, and LPS had no effect. Similar IL-1beta selectivity was

Abstract in UndeterminedCytomegalovirus (CMV) causes severe sequelae in congenitally infected newborns and may cause life-threatening disease in immuno-deficient patients. Recent findings demonstrate the possibility to alleviate the disease by infusing intravenous immunoglobulin G (IgG) preparations, indicating that antibodies are an effective therapeutic option. Modern molecular methodologies, li

Phase behavior and structural features were investigated for "complex salts", consisting of the cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium (CTA) surfactant with polyacrylate (PA(n), n = 30 or 6000) counterions, mixed with water and different n-alcohols (ethanol, butanol, hexanol, octanol, and decanol). The liquid crystalline structures formed were identified by small-angle X-ray scattering measurements,

Photosynthesis is the process by which energy of light is converted into chemical energy by plants, algae and photosynthetic bacteria. For this, highly specialized pigment-proteins have evolved that capture the light and transform the short-lived excited states of pigment molecules into a stable transmembrane potential. By close scrutiny of organization and processes of the photosynthetic pigment

Repeated exposure to certain low molecular weight (LMW) chemical compounds may result in development of allergic reactions in the skin or in the respiratory tract. In most cases, a certain LMW compound selectively sensitize the skin, giving rise to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), or the respiratory tract, giving rise to occupational asthma (OA). To limit occurrence of allergic diseases, efforts

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders mainly characterized by increased susceptibility to infections. The aims of this study were to estimate the occurrence rate of PID in the paediatric (age ≤ 18 years) population of southern Sweden (approx. 265,000 children) and to describe their demographic, clinical and immunological characteristics. During a peri

Phage display technology has emerged as a leading approach to select proteins with improved properties for many different types of applications. The selection typically selects not only for improved binding properties but also for other factors such as efficiency of protein production and folding in Escherichia coli, the host in which the proteins and the phage are produced. Furthermore, the selec

The presence of acid groups with different pK(a) values in the anionic copolymer poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid), P(SS-Ma), allowed the preparation of complex salts with a variable fraction of anionic groups neutralized by cationic surfactant in the copolymer via controlled titration with hexadecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, C(16)TAOH. Two new complex salts were selected for detailed

Counterfeit pharmaceuticals are a global threat that often doesn’t receive as much attention needed to rectify the problem. There have been many incidents and deaths caused by the effects of these dangerous medicines, especially in developing countries. Globalization processes have contributed to dark sides and global shadow networks such as the illegal trade of counterfeited pharmaceuticals. Afte

There is an ongoing debate in Sweden about the Communicable Disease Act and if it should be modified because of the negative impact it has on HIV-infected people. The law is said to be counterproductive and does not protect the general public against the infection. The Swedish Communicable Diseases Act is unique because it places all the responsibility on the infected person and they must give the