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The aqueous phase behavior of a series of complex salts, containing cationic surfactants with polymeric counterions, has been investigated by visual inspection and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The salts were alkyltrimethylammonium polyacrylates, C(x)TAPA(y), based on all combinations of five surfactant chain lengths (C-6, C-8, C-10, C-12, and C-16) and two lengths of the polyacrylate chain

The effect of salt on the location and structure of a flexible polyelectrolyte confined inside a viral capsid and the Donnan equilibrium of the salt across the capsid have been examined using a coarse-grained model solved by Monte Carlo simulations. The polyelectrolyte was represented by a linear jointed chain of charged beads, and the capsid was represented by a spherical shell with embedded char

By analysing N2 mice from a cross between the inbred C57BL strain B10.Q and the NMRI-related NFR/N strain, we recently identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) influencing litter size. This locus is now denoted Fecq4, and it is present on the murine chromosome 9. In the present paper, we describe how the Fecq4 fragment originating form the NFR/N mouse strain will affect B10.Q mice by means of b

The childhood cancer neuroblastoma arises in the developing sympathetic nervous system and is a genotypically and phenotypically heterogeneous disease. Prognostic markers of poor survival probability include amplification of the MYCN oncogene and an undifferentiated morphology. Whereas these features discriminate high- from low-risk patients with precision, identification of poor outcome low- and

This chapter describes the construction and performance of a spectrophotometer that is very easily constructed from a DVD, a digital camera, a lamp and some cardboard, wood, and sheet metal.

The scheme presently envisaged for the EURO50 adaptive optics ispresented. The Euro50 adaptive optics will primarily work with laserguide stars (LGSs) and control of either one or two deformable mirrors(SCAO and DCAO respectively), but operation using a natural guide star(NGS) is also foreseen. The point spread function (PSF) for SCAOoperation using a single NGS is evaluated. An algorithm for opti

The paper gives a brief presentation of the cultural and institutional specificities of Sweden and how these cultural and institutional specificities impact the development of the Swedish social welfare system over periods of change, transition and strategic adjustment. The paper concludes by presenting a suggestion of a new view of the relationship between culture and social welfare systems, whic

Over the years, two strands of thought on Sustainable Development (SD) have emerged, often identified as ecologism and environmentalism, respectively. This paper suggests that there exists a third rhetorically excluded option, namely large-scale industrial expansion into space. Access to raw materials found on the Moon as well as unfiltered solar energy would dramatically increase the stock of res

The Malay Peninsula is a crossroads for people, languages and cultural influences, apparent in today's vibrant mix of Malay, Chinese, Indian, Thai and European. Yet this modern state of affairs all but conceals signals of much older situations of diversity. Thus, some 140,000 people grouped together under the label Orang Asli (Malay for 'aboriginal people') represent a range of cultural and biolog