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The gene for the human glandular kallikrein, prostate-specific antigen, has been cloned. The sequence of 7130 nucleotides encompassing the gene and 633 bp of 5' and 639 bp of 3' flanking DNA has been determined. The translation initiation site was slightly heterogeneous, yielding 5' non-translated leader sequences of 41 and 35 bp. The gene is divided into five exons, with introns located at positi

Eukaryotic genomes, particularly animal genomes, have a complex, nonuniform, and nonrandom internal compositional organization. The compositional organization of animal genomes can be described as a mosaic of discrete genomic regions, called "compositional domains," each with a distinct GC content that significantly differs from those of its upstream and downstream neighboring domains. A typical a

The formation of cold gas giants similar to Jupiter and Saturn in orbit and mass is a great challenge for planetesimal-driven core accretion models because the core growth rates far from the star are low. Here we model the growth and migration of single protoplanets that accrete planetesimals and gas. We integrated the core growth rate using fits in the literature to N-body simulations, which prov

Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal genetic neurodegenerative disorder. It has mainly been considered a movement disorder with cognitive symptoms and these features have been associated with pathology of the striatum and cerebral cortex. Importantly, individuals with the mutant huntingtin gene suffer from a spectrum of non-motor features often decades before the motor disorder manifests. These sy

Ultrashort laser pulses have become an indispensable tool in physics, chemistry and engineering. Their numerous applications call for accurate and robust characterization techniques able to reliably retrieve the pulse's intensity profile. Different methods, such as FROG [1] or SPIDER [2] and their variants, have been developed in past decades and are now common in many laboratories. More novel app

Measurements achieved with ptychographic imaging are a special case of diffraction measurements. They are generated by illuminating small parts of a sample with, e.g., a focused X-ray beam. By shifting the sample, a set of far-field diffraction patterns of the whole sample is then obtained. From a mathematical point of view those measurements are the squared modulus of the windowed Fourier transfo

This study presents the main features of the Swedish approach for resolving the banking crisis of 1991-93 by condensing them into seven policy lessons. These concern (1) the importance of political unity behind the resolution policy, (2) a government blanket guarantee of the financial obligations of the banking system, (3) swift policy action where acting early was more important than acting in e

Several experiments were conducted at the 10 MV Van-de-Graaff tandem accelerator at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cologne, to detect proton emission from the isomeric 6457-keV 10+ state in 54Ni. Excitation functions for two fusion–evaporation reactions were measured to maximise the population of the rare two-neutron evaporation channel from a 56Ni compound nucleus. The search for delayed proto

Brake-related particulate matter contributes considerably to the non-exhaust emissions of the transport sector in urban areas of the world. The airborne particle emissions from automotive brakes currently lack any proper regulations. Future regulations require test stands, test cycles and particle instruments to be suitable for measuring the brake emissions. This present work focuses on the design

OBJECTIVES: Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are common; some cases require timely referral and treatment to prevent complications. We developed and validated a reliable instrument for timely and adequate referral of patients with IH to experts by nonexpert primary physicians. METHODS: In this multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study, we used a 3-stage process: (1) development of the Infantile

Fixed-target experiments using primary electron beams can be powerful discovery tools for light dark matter in the sub-GeV mass range. The Light Dark Matter eXperiment (LDMX) is designed to measure missing momentum in high-rate electron fixed-target reactions with beam energies of 4 GeV to 16 GeV. A prerequisite for achieving several important sensitivity milestones is the capability to efficientl

In Sweden, climate projections indicate longer growing seasons with more frequent extreme weather events, such as droughts and heavy rainfall, posing significant challenges to existing crop systems. Simultaneously, the sector is under growing pressure to reduce its environmental footprint, especially in response to agricultural nutrients runoff contributing to the eutrophication of the Baltic Sea.

The chirality-flow formalism has proven to simplify the calculations of helicity amplitudes to the extent that the matrix element corresponding to a Feynman diagram can immediately be written down. It has also shown to speed up the computation of scattering amplitudes through numerical implementations in MadGraph5_aMC@NLO. In this thesis we investigate if automated computation of amplitudes can be

The transition to renewable energy is a critical element in global efforts to combat climate change. This study explores the decarbonization pathway for Peru’s energy sector, emphasizing renewable energy integration in the electricity generation sector. Peru's rich renewable resources—hydropower, wind, solar, geothermal and biomass—highlight its potential as a regional leader in sustainable en

In this project I investigate how architecture can give form to an institution that creates the conditions for negotiation between competing narratives. It is situated at Sillhovstomten, the contested site behind the Nationalmuseum in central Stockholm. The failed Nobel Center proposal on this site revealed that it is not an empty void awaiting to be filled, but a place where different political,

Background: Dietary management of phenylketonuria (PKU) focuses on restricting phenylalanine (Phe) intake. The European PKU guidelines and the PKU Dietary Handbook recommend a simplified PKU diet, allowing unrestricted consumption of many low-Phe foods, called free foods. While this approach may reduce the treatment burden for patients, its implementation varies. This study investigated practi