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This study uses a cognitive test score, the Swedish Military Enlistment test taken at age 18, to identify whether the ethnic employment and income gap in Sweden is caused by a pre-market skill gap and/or ethnic discrimination. The employment gap and income gap are estimated for males born in Sweden with different ethnic backgrounds: their parents were born in Sweden or in southern Europe or outsid
The use of ground-source heat pumps for heating and domestic hot water in dwellings is common in Sweden. The combination with solar collectors has been introduced to reduce the electricity demand in the system. In order to analyze different systems with combinations of solar collectors and ground-source heat pumps, computer simulations have been carried out with the simulation program TRNSYS. Larg
We present a theoretical study of the absorption of light in periodic arrays of InP nanowires. The absorption in the array depends strongly on the diameter and the length of the nanowires, as well as the period of the array. Nanowires of a length of just 2 Am are able, after an appropriate choice for the other parameters, to absorb more than 90% of the incident energy of TE and TM polarized light,
This paper presents a heterogeneous reconfigurable cell array, designed for high-throughput baseband processing of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. To achieve high performance and energy efficiency while retaining high flexibility, the proposed architecture adopts heterogeneous and hierarchical resource deployments. Additionally, extensive vector computation enhancements and flexible
In the issue of using Life cycle assessment (LCA) for assessing E-commerce, we had some epistemological observations, via content analyse method, indicating that LCA has not only aspects of the ‘Systems Approach’ but also of the ‘Analytical Approach’, with even less emphasis on the former in practical terms. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the connection among these observations, and
Platelets contribute to blood coagulation at sites of vascular injury and to the recruitment of leukocytes at sites of inflammation. Under pathological conditions, platelets are involved in numerous diseases and clinical complications, such as deep venous thrombosis, embolism and atherosclerosis. But so far, little is known about the mechanisms of inflammation in large veins and the role of platel
Biochemical markers for osteoarthritis (OA) may serve different purposes. Since markers reflect ongoing dynamic metabolic processes in the joint tissues (cartilage, synovium, bone, etc.), they are most likely to be useful to predict prognosis and response to treatment, to monitor response to treatment, and for disease staging. Markers are currently being used at the research level for these purpos
The emergence of a hydrogen economy in Europe and the Nordic region represents one important pathway to decarbonization of critical sectors. This development is and will be shaped by distinctive national strategies that do not fully converge around shared objectives. The landscape reveals a complex interplay of technological innovation, industrial policy, and environmental ambition.Each Nordic cou
The increasing demand for renewable energy accounts for the DC microgrid concept, facilitating the integration of photovoltaic (PV) modules and battery energy systems (BESS) into a common DC bus. In light of this, bipolar DC-DC converters can result in two symmetric DC buses that provide more flexibility. This article presents a hybrid bipolar converter by merging a single-ended primary-inductor c
BACKGROUND: Recently, a -168A-->G polymorphism in the MHC class II transactivator gene (MHC2TA) was shown to be associated with increased susceptibility to myocardial infarction (MI). AIM: To confirm the association between the MHC2TA -168A-->G polymorphism and MI and to study its putative role for microalbuminuria, the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Serine proteases play a central role in defense against pathogens by regulating processes such as blood clotting, melanization of injured surfaces, and proteolytic activation of signaling pathways involved in innate immunity. Here, we present the functional characterization of the Drosophila serine protease Sp7 (CG3006) by inducible RNA interference. We show that Sp7 is constitutively expressed in
Under decennier har alla samhällssektorer blivit alltmera beroende av tillgång till säkra energileveranser för att kunna utföra sina uppdrag vare sig det gäller företag eller offentlig service och verksamhet. Även hushåll har för sitt vardagsliv blivit beroende av energi för att hålla värme i bostaden, laga mat, tvätt och hygien samt för att orientera sig i omvärlden via radio, TV eller internet.
Nitrogen-containing nutrient sources can be used to mitigate the negative effects of pretreatment-derived inhibitors on product formation rates during bioethanol production. Process economic limitations require these nutrients to be inexpensive. A method of hydrolyzing the protein in the spent grain fraction remaining after wheat grain saccharification, using porcine pancreas trypsin, is presented
In the search for viable pathways for transforming governance and institutions in the Rio+20 agenda, strengthening of public-private governance networks has been emphasized. Important initiatives are found in the expanding bioenergy sector where several certification schemes have been launched for ensuring that bioenergy feedstock meet environmental and social requirements. These initiatives are e
[NiFe] hydrogenases catalyse the reversible conversion of molecular hydrogen to protons and electrons. This seemingly simple reaction has attracted much attention because of the prospective use of H2 as a clean fuel. In this paper, we have studied how H2 binds to the active site of this enzyme. Combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) optimisation was performed to obtain the geo
Seeking to examine the implications of social distancing, isolation and the silencing of public spaces brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic, I offer an interpretation of Kafka’s short story ‘The Silence of the Sirens’ contrasting it to the Homeric original. In Homer’s story, Odysseus resists the temptation of the Sirens’ deadly song by having himself tied to the mast of his ship, while his oarsm
Steep declines in photovoltaic (PV) technology prices have directed attention to the so-called soft costs associated with PV deployment. This paper focuses on one element of soft costs: those that arise from local permitting and inspection processes typically being handled by municipalities. Based on a literature review, the paper compares the status of local PV permitting in the US and Germany. R
1. IntroductionThe third and latest wave of biotechnology is the so called „white biotechnology“ aiming to replace the C2/C3 chemistry based on oil and gas by biological processes. The backbone of biotechnology is the conversion by fermentation which is widely established in the production of antibiotics, enzymes, bioethanol and organic acids. In the past, fermentation processes had to partly comp
The standard way today to obtain measures of inflationary expectations is to use questionnaires to ask a representative group of respondents about their beliefs of the future rate of inflation during the coming 12 months. This type of data on inflationary expectations as well as on inflationary perceptions has been collected in a unified way on an EU-wide basis for several years. By now, probably
In this article, we discuss how energy-efficient technology is adopted and domesticated in households. To reach the political goals on energy efficiency, both technological and behavioural changes are needed. We will discuss how new technology is integrated in families' everyday lives and which barriers and enablers arise in relation to technology diffusion. Energy saving issues are illustrated us
