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Background: Around the globe the electricity sector is strikingly similar, as regardless of nation it is structured around centralized large-scale power production. However, these centralized systems are currently experiencing operational problems related to climate change, energy security and aging grid infrastructures. In Sweden, the lack of investment and maintenance of the grid have created bo
Biomass, as a renewable energy source, is available worldwide, is carbon neutral, and can be converted to various types of products depending on the market and on the specific applications. Among different technologies of biomass utilization, thermochemical conversion of biomass is the most efficient method with the shortest time scale of the process. Thermochemical conversion can be used to produ
Using renewable fuels is a reliable approach for decarbonization of combustion engines. iso-Butanol and n-butanol are known as longer chain alcohols and have the potential of being used as gasoline substitute or a renewable fraction of gasoline. The combustion behavior of renewable fuels in modern combustion engines and advanced combustion concepts is not well understood yet. Low-temperature combu
National renewable energy action plans (NREAPs) required as part of the EU Directive on renewable energy include various biomass elements. The call for mandatory NREAPs represents a substantial shift of focus from the earlier call for optional national biomass action plans (BAPs). Biomass strategies and action plans are considered to form a vital part of the renewable energy plans. This study exam
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising green energy conversion technology for clean and sustainable power generation. However, effective water management remains a critical challenge. Water produced by electrochemical reactions can accumulate within porous electrodes and flow channels, leading to flooding that impedes the reverse transport of reactant gases to the reaction zone, there
In majority of academic literature related to BDSM (bondage-discipline, dominance-submission, and sadism-masochism) the focus is often centred on men and their experiences within the community. The limited focus on women and their motivations to engage in BDSM dynamics has been a driving force in this thesis. Therefore, this research aims to address this gap and explore female BDSM practitioners&#
To date, the most efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) require hole-transporting materials (HTMs) that are doped with hygroscopic additives to improve their performance. Unfortunately, such dopants negatively impact the overall PSCs stability and add cost and complexity to the device fabrication. Hence, there is a need to investigate new strategies to boost the typically modest performance of d
High-resolution core-level photoemission at an energy resolution better than the intrinsic width of the C 1s level has been used to study the CO/Rh(1 1 1) overlayer system. C Is spectra have been measured in a large CO coverage range; from low coverages, where the CO molecules only adsorb in on-top positions, to saturation coverage, where CO molecules occupy both on-top and threefold hollow sites.
This paper evaluates the history and cycling accessibility of Nova, a shopping centre established in Lund, Sweden, in 2002. The current situation was also analysed through observation and a literature review. Moreover, the study conducted a closer analysis of the history and role of the municipality based on further literature study and interviews with officials. The conclusion of the analysis ind
The frequent replacement of office furniture contributes to the increasing production of solid waste that leads to the use of more landfill space. Germany only produces approximately 700000 t of office furniture waste per year whereas most of this waste goes to landfill or incin-eration (Nolte, 2001). In addition, there are concerns about the use of hazardous chemicals in office furniture producti
In recent years the concept of “Blue carbon” has brought attention to the importance of Mangroves, Seagrass and Saltmarsh ecosystems in carbon cycles. Concerns over climate change has had countries commit to decreasing CO2 emissions, often using natural processes to sequester CO2. This trend has often followed a market approach through creating a monetary value and market for CO2. This Climate Fin
