Filetype
Lake Urmia in north-western Iran is one of the largest hypersaline lakes in the world, and agricultural production in the surrounding area is limited by soil salinity. We investigated the effects of salinity on belowground microbial communities in soils collected from fields of cultivated onions (Allium cepa L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), and sites with the native halophyte samphire (Salico
Through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, a developed country actor with a binding emission reduction target can use emission reductions from a project implemented in a developing country to meet this target. At the same time, CDM projects are meant to contribute to sustainable development in the host country, as defined by this country. The CDM is often taken to illustr
Climate finance constitutes an integral part of the European Union’s climate policy. Yet, climate policy is increasingly addressed by non-environmental institutions. In examining the transfer of climate finance from the Environment Council to the Council for Economic and Financial Affairs (ECOFIN) in spring 2009, I analyse how climate finance has been framed in ECOFIN. Two finance ministerial fram
Reducing emissions from forest degradation and deforestation, conserving and enhancing forest carbon stocks, and sustainably managing forests (REDD+) has emerged as one of the most anticipated climate change mitigation tools. This paper aims to understand and identify the underlying discourses that have dominated the emergence of REDD+, by identifying the key story lines in the policy and academic
By investigating both semi-natural and experimentally implemented pH variation in nutrient-poor sandy grasslands, we examined how soil decalcification may influence the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal biomass in plant roots and in the soil, as well as the allocation of carbon (C) to AM fungal biomass. We estimated the amount of AM fungal mycelium, by using the fatty acid 16:1 omega 5, in the ro
The Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Governance and Politics surveys the broad range of environmental and sustainability challenges in the emerging Anthropocene and scrutinizes available concepts, methodological tools, theories and approaches, as well as overlaps with adjunct fields of study. This comprehensive reference work, written by some of the most eminent academics in the field, contain
This chapter analyses horizontal institutional interlinkages by stressing their embeddedness in overarching global norms. It explains the nature of institutional interlinkages in various policy domains, and their consequences for the development of specific global regimes. We explore, in particular, how certain dominant global norms may be reflected in the positional differences (and their resolut
REDD is one of the latest additions to a series of incentive-based mechanisms for reducing carbon emissions. Although international negotiations have not eliminated uncertainties regarding its social, economic and political implications, many developing and emerging countries have begun to engage in REDD. Peru, the country with the world’s fourth largest tropical forest area has good reason to par
Popular Abstract in Swedish Värmebehandling av vegetabilier medför att man värmer till temperaturer över växtens ursprungliga fysiologiska och naturliga temperaturgränser och därmed förändras den enskilda grönsakens vävnadsstruktur. Detta leder till en serie händelser på cellnivå som i sin tur bestämmer transportegenskaperna hos vävnaden. En av cellens viktigaste komponenter för masstransport är cHeat processing of vegetables involves the use of temperatures above the physiological limit which affect the cellular structures of the tissue and induce a series of events at cell level that will in turn be reflected in the transport properties of the tissue. One of the most important cellular structures from the mass transport point of view is the cell membrane since it represents the physical
We apply causal loop diagrams (CLD) to picture how complex societal scenarios can be understood in terms of interdependent drivers and mechanisms between actors from the public and private sectors respectively. And we show how un-sustainable scenarios can be understood in terms of insufficient balancing feed-back in the system. We apply the methodology to picture such imbalances as funda- mental d
The term Anthropocene denotes a new geological epoch characterized by the unprecedented impact of human activities on the Earth’s ecosystems. While the natural sciences have advanced their understanding of the drivers and processes of global change considerably over the last two decades, the social sciences lag behind in addressing the fundamental challenge of governance and politics in the Anthro
the body of literature on institutional fragmentation and interlinkages has become quite extensive over the last 10-15 years, especially in global environmental governance research. This common ground and the merits of existing scholarly approaches notwithstanding, there are still major new conceptual, theoretical and empirical grounds to be explored. Conceptually, the literature could further go
The global governance architecture on climate change has been increasingly marked by institutional fragmentation. A growing diversity of institutions seeks to address dangerous climate change today, including international organizations, club-like forums, multi-stakeholder partnerships, regulated and voluntary markets, sub-national efforts and non-state actor initiatives. After taking stock of thi
Scholars have argued that the end of the Cold War and the War on Terror have radically changed the context of war and defense, diminished the role of nation-states in favor of multi-lateral defense activities, and placed a new focus on human security. International peacekeeping has superseded the traditional act of war-making as the most important defense strategy among wealthy, liberal-democratic
Sustainability of Swedish meat consumption is assessed from the perspectives of nutrition, health, climate and land use. Our results suggest that more sustainable food systems can be achieved via changes in Swedish meat consumption and that our multidimensional approach can be useful in identifying such changes.
Over the last decades, there has been a rapid increase of the number of climate change initiatives outside the UNFCCC. In research this is referred to as ‘institutional fragmentation’, and it encompasses a wide range of public, private and hybrid initiatives, at various levels of governance. This development is extensively discussed in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report AR5. Chapters 13-16 of the Wo
