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This thesis is a study of women in Belfast in two working-class ethno-national communities: Falls (Catholic/Nationalist/Republican) and Shankill (Protestant/Unionist/Loyalist). Theories of gendered nationalism and transversalism are used to analyze the material from a qualitative interview study. The study focuses on intersections of gender and nation: women’s identity as biological, cultural and
Understanding spatial connections between breeding and wintering populations is critical for developing sound conservation plans in migratory animals. However, for long-distance migratory songbird species wintering in sub-Saharan Africa, many of which are in a state of population decline, information on migratory connectivity is especially lacking. We used mitochondrial DNA data from wintering pop
Neutrophil migration across infected mucosal surfaces is chemokine dependent, but the role of chemokine receptors has not been investigated. In this study, chemokine receptors were shown to be expressed by epithelial cells lining the urinary tract, and to play an essential role for neutrophil migration across the mucosal barrier. Uroepithelial CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression was detected in human urina
Affymetrix GeneChip technology and quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) were used to examine changes in gene expression in the adult murine substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) following lentiviral glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) delivery in adult striatum. We identified several genes that were upregulated after GDNF treatment. Among these, the gene encoding the transmembrane prot
The duration of breastfeeding has attracted much interest, as a prolonged period of breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the risk of developing obesity. The mechanism behind the reduced risk is, however, poorly understood. The novel hormone ghrelin augments appetite, promotes body. weight increase and increases adiposity. The majority of circulating ghrelin emanates from endocrine cells in the o
Antibiotic resistance is currently an extensive medical challenge worldwide, with global numbers increasing steadily. Recent data have highlighted wastewater treatment plants as a reservoir of resistance genes. The impact of these findings for human health can best be summarized using a One Health concept. However, the molecular mechanisms impacting resistance spread have not been carefully evalua
Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a critical factor in unlimited cell proliferation and immortalization, with numerous studies demonstrating that high expression of hTERT is a poor prognostic factor in various types of cancer. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 3 (UBE2D3) is a member of the E2 family, and participates in the ubiquitin proteasome pathway to regulate basic cellular act
Long-distance migrants face numerous challenges during their migration, with the spring migration timing being particularly important, as early arrival at the breeding grounds often enhances breeding success. Both innate and environmental factors influence migration timing in birds, and the earlier arrival of males than females is common among songbirds breeding in temperate zones. The great reed
Water damage affects both residents and buildings. Issues include moisture, climate impact and repair costs that amount to immense resources. Because of these, immense resources research is important to undertake to reduce and limit the extent and effects of water damage. This study aimed to compile and review the literature on water damage in buildings. Literature distribution, the status, conseq
The incidence of prostate cancer has increased dramatically during the last 10-15 years and it is now the commonest cancer in males in developed countries. The increase is mainly caused by the increasing use of opportunistic screening or case-finding based on the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in serum. With this approach, prostate cancer is detected 5-10 years before giving rise t
