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This paper presents an investigation concerning the introduction of Extreme Programming (XP) in software development organisations. More specifically the concept of using a decision support method known as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is evaluated by a group of students and a group of developers and the outcome is compared to experiences from an XP case study. The results provide an indi
Traditionally humanitarian organisations have based warehouse locations on individuals’ experience and knowledge, rather than decision support tools such as network optimisation models. This paper presents a study undertaken for UNHCR aiming to develop an applicable warehouse location support tool by considering the most relevant contextual factors.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen beskriver en ny typ av kompakt röntgenkälla baserad på ett laser-producerat plasma (LPP). I motsats till konventionella LPP används inte fasta material som strålmål för den fokuserade laserstrålen. I stället används mikroskopiska vätskedroppar eller vätskestrålar. Detta medför en mycket väsentlig minskning av det skräp (debris) som skickas ut från plasmat. A new high-brightness source for soft X-rays and EUV-radiation has been developed. This laser-plasma source utilizes a microscopic liquid droplet or jet as target. The result is a reduction of debris emission by several orders of magnitude compared to conventional laser plasmas. The minute amounts of residual ionic/atomic debris can be obstructed by filters or a localized gas shield. Target liquid
Autonomous robots must operate reliably and safely under uncertain, dynamic conditions over extended periods. To ensure such operational robustness, it is vital that both developers and operators can clearly and verifiably specify functional requirements and safety constraints throughout the robot software lifecycle. My research targets different layers of robot operational safety: early error det
Mesosiderites are rare, differentiated meteorites, so-called stony-iron meteorites—they are impact breccias composed of an unusual mix of crustal basalt and pyroxenite, core-derived metal, but no mantle materials. This odd mixture makes their origin enigmatic and has inspired many different formation theories over the last several decades. Some of the outstanding questions have regarded the origin
In the era of artificial intelligence of things (AIoT), distributed processing on local devices is growing in popularity. This stems from the need to reduce data transfer to and from central servers, with concerns about privacy and latency encouraging the processing of AI applications on edge devices. However, the computational demands of these applications require an increase in the processing ca
The number of degrees of freedom (NDoF) in a communication channel fundamentally limits the number of independent spatial modes available for transmitting and receiving information. Although the NDoF can be computed numerically for specific configurations using singular value decomposition (SVD) of the channel operator, this approach provides limited physical insight. In this paper, we introduce a
Railways are vital for climate mitigation as a low-carbon mode of transport but must also be resilient to climate change impacts. This study explores dynamic adaptation strategies for coastal railway infrastructure in Sweden, focusing on Trelleborg. Stakeholder workshops informed adaptation pathways using a Dynamic Adaptive Pathways Planning Light (DAPP)-light approach, which enhances stakeholder
RATIONALE: Caffeine is commonly used in preterm infants to improve respiratory function. However, the optimal strategies for caffeine initiation have not been defined. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relative benefits and harms of different indications and timings for caffeine initiation in preterm infants. SEARCH METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and trial registries up to 23 April 2025.
RATIONALE: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common bacterial infections in children worldwide, and the most common reason for prescribing antibiotics. Although serious complications (e.g. mastoiditis or meningitis) are rare, the infection causes acute pain and can lead to hearing impairment. Since AOM often resolves spontaneously, current treatment guidelines recommend an approach of wa
The purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibilities of minimising waste generation in the healthcare institutions in Kaliningrad, Russia. In order to meet this purpose the following research question is investigated: what kind of drivers are enforcing and which barriers are hindering waste minimization in the healthcare sector in Kaliningrad? The research carried out among public and priva
The number of situations where both people and nature are harmed by human activities are increasing in the same pace as mankind is augmenting its control and so called 'development' of the Earth. Although previously much debated, we have passed the stage when protecting human rights and preserving the environment were seen as conflicting interests. Instead we have reached the conclusion th
