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The extent to which male birds in polygynous species with biparental care assist in nestling feeding often varies considerably between nests of different mating status. Both how much polygynous males assist and how they divide their effort between nests may have a profound effect on the evolution of mating systems. In this study we investigated how males in the facultatively polygynous European st
Risk and vulnerability assessments (RVA) are vital components of the work conducted by public agencies at different levels, as part of the processes for governing and managing risks in the society. In Sweden, public agencies at all levels are required by legislation to perform risk and vulnerability assessments within their respective area of responsibility. The present paper presents a study of h
Bränder utgör en viktig roll i jordens system. Det är kritiskt för oss att förstå bränder och dess drivkrafter, för att på så sätt kunna förutspå brändernas förändring på grund av klimatförändring. Den här studien använder sig av Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) brandens area produkt MCD45A1 för att karakterisera bränder. Högupplöst data är omformaterad till 0.25° × 0.25° cellWildfires play an important role in the earth system. Understanding the relationship between wildfires and their drivers is critical for us to predict fire regime transformations under the changing climate and anthropogenic influences. This study used the novel Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) burned area product MCD45A1 to characterize wildfires. The high resolution data were
The primary purpose of this study was to establish an interaction effect between effortful control and neuroticism on problem‐solving coping. The secondary purpose was to examine the relationships between all three variables by establishing a correlation matrix. The sample consisted of 64 individuals, 18‐25 years old. The scores on the variables neuroticism and effortful control were used to creat
This paper provides a systemic analysis of complex dynamic issues associated with resource use, scarcity and efficiency by applying systems thinking with respect to sustainability criteria. Casual loop diagramming methodology is adopted to create a conceptual model to better understand the interconnected patterns, cause effect relations and feedbacks between the three dynamic complex systems that
Quantum annealing is a promising approach for obtaining good approximate solutions to difficult optimization problems. Folding a protein sequence into its minimum-energy structure represents such a problem. For testing new algorithms and technologies for this task, the minimal lattice-based [hydrophobic (H) or polar (P) beads] HP model is well suited, as it represents a considerable challenge desp
New visionary concepts need to be created to enhance the pursuit of sustainable development at a global scale, to respond to policies and international multilateral agreements in line with political commitments already made (like the Millennium Development Goals) and innovative approaches are called for to ensure the coherence of integrated policy-making at EU level.
Flimmer, eller nærmere bestemt tidslig lys modulation (TLM), er igen blevet et problem i forbindelse med indførelse af LED-basret belysningsteknologi. TLM, dvs. variationer i lysintensiteten over tid, kan have negativ effekt på menneskers sundhed, og forårsage irritation, hovedpine, overanstrengelse af øjne og migræne. Udover denne unødvendige lidelse, som flimmer kan bevirke hos enkeltpersoner, s
Introduction: Prolonged intense physical activity, such as long-distance running, may lead to systemic inflammation and cause organ injury, particularly to the kidneys. This study aimed to assess the impact of trail race running on kidney and muscle injury and gut inflammation biomarkers, and the potential mitigating effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) supplementation. Methods:
Field-theory simulation by the complex Langevin method offers an alternative to conventional sampling techniques for exploring the forces driving biomolecular liquid–liquid phase separation. Such simulations have recently been used to study several polyampholyte systems. Here, we formulate a field theory corresponding to the hydrophobic/polar (HP) lattice protein model, with finite same-site repul
BackgroundThe risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is modulated by genetic and environmental factors. Early-life stress (ELS) exposure during critical periods of brain development can impact later brain function and health, including increasing the risk of developing AD. Microglial dysfunction and neuroinflammation have been implicated as playing a role in AD pathology and may be modulated
Dysfunctional water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) systems are mainly determined by poor water governance, exacerbating inequalities and poverty. Multi-stakeholder partnerships provide an approach to more flexible and adaptive governance to explore these problems. In this article, national commitments made to improve WaSH, made through the Sanitation and Water for All (SWA) partnership’s Mutual Ac
The formation of biomolecular condensates inside cells often involve intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), and several of these IDPs are also capable of forming dropletlike dense assemblies on their own, through liquid-liquid phase separation. When modeling thermodynamic phase changes, it is well known that finite-size scaling analysis can be a valuable tool. However, to our knowledge, this ap
Decreasing floral resources as a result of habitat loss is one of the key factors in the decline of pollinating insects worldwide. Understanding which plants pollinators use is vital to inform the provision of appropriate floral resources to help prevent pollinator loss. Using a globally important pollinator, the honeybee, we show how changes in agricultural intensification, crop use and the sprea
We use Markov state models (MSMs) to analyze the dynamics of a β-hairpin-forming peptide in Monte Carlo (MC) simulations with interacting protein crowders, for two different types of crowder proteins [bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) and GB1]. In these systems, at the temperature used, the peptide can be folded or unfolded and bound or unbound to crowder molecules. Four or five major fre
Time-dependent ensemble averages, i.e., trajectory-based averages of some observable, are of importance in many fields of science. A crucial objective when interpreting such data is to fit these averages (for instance, squared displacements) with a function and extract parameters (such as diffusion constants). A commonly overlooked challenge in such function fitting procedures is that fluctuations
The upcycling trend has received renewed attention in the past few years due to growing concerns for the environment related to increased resource consumption and waste volumes. Indeed, cities across the world are supporting resource upcycling initiatives by establishing do-it-yourself (DIY) repair cafes and makerspaces as a means to transform societies towards sustainable develop-ment. However, t
