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Objective To train and validate a deep learning-based diagnostic tool capable of accurately segmenting the alveolar cleft region and automatically estimating the required bone graft volume using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Study Design Eighty-eight CBCT scans from patients with nonsyndromic unilateral clefts were divided into training (n = 45), validation (n = 10), and test (n =
Viral hepatitis remains a global health concern, with growing recognition of the impact of hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), and herpesvirus-associated hepatitis, particularly in vulnerable groups. This narrative review from the ESCMID Study Group for Viral Hepatitis (ESGVH) summarizes recent advances and expert perspectives. For HAV, insights into viral evolution, epidemiology, an
Changes in plant diversity and abundance due to land-use modifications can induce plant-pollinator trophic cascades, potentially leading to long-term shifts in pollination services. Our ability to mediate such loss of pollination services through informed landscape management is limited by insufficient understanding of long-term adaptations of wild pollinators to land-use, especially when accounti
This brief summarizes expert knowledge on what really works to protect pollinators. To guide and assist national governments and other relevant governmental bodies in the endeavor to stop and reverse pollinator decline, this brief is intended for everyone interested in pollinator and nature restoration, from local practitioners to national and international governmental agencies.
A search for the production of a Higgs boson and one or more charm quarks, in which the Higgs boson decays into a photon pair, is presented. This search uses proton-proton collision data with a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1 recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis relies on the identification of charm-quark-containing
The 1990s were significant for several events promoting environmental protection and the sustainable use of natural resources. For instance, both the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992, which stressed the need to stop the overconsumption of natural resources and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change endorsed a framework to combat climate change. Si
Biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes is declining, but evidence-based conservation targets to guide international policies for such landscapes are lacking. We present a framework for informing habitat conservation policies based on the enhancement of habitat quantity and quality and define thresholds of habitat quantity at which it becomes effective to also prioritize habitat quality. We app
Context: Organic farming aims to make agriculture more sustainable, but its sustainability benefits may be offset by lower yields compared to conventional farming. Avenues to increase organic yields have been studied extensively, but there is a lack of research using integrated approaches that consider co-variation between different organic management practices within commercial farming systems. M
This paper presents a search for physics beyond the Standard Model targeting a heavy resonance visible in the invariant mass of the lepton-jet system. The analysis focuses on final states with a high-energy lepton and jet, and is optimised for the resonant production of leptoquarks — a novel production mode mediated by the lepton content of the proton originating from quantum fluctuations. Four di
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure (HF) is underutilized in primary care, particularly among older adults with chronic stable HF. This prospective quality improvement study, Heart Failure in Southern Sweden (HISS), evaluated the impact of a cross-disciplinary implementation project combining cardiology and primary care expertise to enhance GDMT adheren
Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) can be intensified by delivering 6 (6fx/w) instead of 5 (5fx/w) fractions per week. Randomized trials have demonstrated superiority for 6fx/w in patients treated without concurrent chemotherapy (CRT). This real-world analysis compares 6 vs 5 fx/w in LA-HNSCC all-comers, treated predominan
This article is a collective response to the 2020 iteration of The Manifesto for Teaching Online. Originally published in 2011 as 20 simple but provocative statements, the aim was, and continues to be, to critically challenge the normalization of education as techno-corporate enterprise and the failure to properly account for digital methods in teaching in Higher Education. The 2020 Manifesto cont
Given the complex nature of agri-food value chains and related sustainability challenges, the question arises who has the agency and responsibility to address these challenges and facilitate systemic change. We address this question through a mixed method approach and examine experiences with agriculture among different actors along the agricultural value chains in Germany. Based on this, we explo
Background: Monitoring of healthcare quality is typically focused on differences between group averages in relation to a desirable benchmark. However, we need to consider (i) the existence of interconnected socioeconomic axes of inequality like age, sex, income, and country of birth and (ii) individual heterogeneity around group averages. Additionally, (iii) we need clear criteria to quantify grou
Aims: Stratifying renal damage in type 2 diabetes is challenging due to overlapping features between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). While miR-27b-3p modulates kidney fibrosis in DN through the lysine63 ubiquitination pathway, its upstream regulation and diagnostic relevance remain unclear. Methods: In a biopsy-verified cohort of 231 chronic kidney disease (CKD) pa
Introduction Neoadjuvant therapy is the standard of care for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC). Studies on first-generation antibody-drug conjugates, such as trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), showed equal or slightly lower efficacy than chemotherapy combined with dual HER2 blockade. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a next-generation conjugat
Background: For patients investigated with radiopharmaceuticals, it is important to be able to perform valid calculations of the absorbed dose in organs and tissues. An internal dosimetry computer program, IDAC-Dose2.1, has been updated to be based on the ICRP specific absorbed fractions and computational framework of internal dose assessment for 12 adult and paediatric reference individuals given
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) reduces disease recurrence and progression in intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). BCG-associated adverse events during instillations are common, leading to treatment cessation. Prophylactic use of quinolones in conjunction with BCG instillations is one approach for reducing BCG-associated adverse events. O
