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Purpose: Previously human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) has been implicated to predict pathologically organ confined prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with stage T2 disease. Now we evaluated the usefulness of hK2, as measured by 2 entirely different immunoassay designs, to enhance the discrimination of pathologically organ from nonorgan confined clinical stage T1c PCa. Materials and Methods: A cons
After time-consuming and costly investigations, patients with neck metastases from an occult primary often receive unnecessarily large radiation volumes to treat a possible origin in the nasopharynx. In this study a colorimetric antisense Epstein-Barr early ribonucleoprotein 1 (EBER1) oligonucleotide probe specific for Epstein-Barr virus RNA was hybridized in situ to metastatic tissue obtained fro
Pt (0.1 wt.%) on Al2O3, TiO2, and MgO supports were used for the low temperature combustion of methanol in both the absence and the presence of ammonia. Without NH3 in the gas the performance for the complete combustion decreases in the order Pt/MgO greater than or equal to Pt/TiO2 much greater than Pt/Al2O3 comparing a fixed amount of Pt surface area. In the presence of ammonia strong deactivatio
OBJECTIVE: To compare costs of transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: In 70 BPH patients all costs were calculated for management, including complications and repeat treatment, during TURP or TUMT and 24-month follow-up. Clinical outcome was judged from
Two major high-penetrance breast cancer genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, are responsible for approximately 20% of hereditary breast cancer (HBC) cases in Finland. Additionally, rare mutations in several other genes that interact with BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase the risk of HBC. Still, a majority of HBC cases remain unexplained which is challenging for genetic counseling. We aimed to analyze additional mutatio
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important regulator of cellular energy status. In adipocytes, stimuli that increase intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) have also been shown to increase the activity of AMPK. The precise molecular mechanisms responsible for cAMP-induced AMPK activation are not clear. Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) is a critical regulator of cAMP signaling in adipocytes. Here we
Syringe exchange has been suggested as a potential conduit to treatment for drug dependence, but this never has been documented in Europe. The primary aim was to compare the effectiveness of strength-based case management intervention against referral only to facilitate treatment attendance in a syringe exchange programme. We also assessed effectiveness of a syringe exchange programme for referral
The c-kit-encoded tyrosine kinase receptor for stem cell factor (Kit/SCFR) is crucial for the development of hematopoietic cells, melanoblasts, and germ cells. Ligand stimulation of Kit/SCFR leads to receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. We recently showed, that protein kinase C (PKC) acts in an SCF-stimulated negative feedback loop, which controls Kit/SCFR tyrosine k
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tau and amyloid brain pathology. With the gradual degeneration of neurons, cognitive symptoms will arise and the affected individual will eventually develop AD dementia. The neuropathologic hallmarks of AD have been observed also in cognitively healthy individuals, which has led to the assumption that the disorde
The purpose of this study was to determine whether delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping are accurate techniques for measuring cartilage thickness in the metacarpus3/metatarsus3 (Mc3/Mt3) of Thoroughbred racehorses. Twenty-four Mc3/Mt3 cadaver specimens were acquired from six healthy racehorses. Cartilage thickness was measured from postintra-
The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and construct validity of the Spanish version of the 6-item carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) symptoms scale (CTS-6).
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is an important biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Herein, microcontact PSA-imprinted surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor chip was developed for sensitive, real-time detection of PSA. The imprinted chip was prepared in the presence of methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker via
Environmental conditions, dispersal lags, and interactions among species are major factors structuring communities through time and across space. Ecologists have emphasized the importance of biotic interactions in determining local patterns of species association. In contrast, abiotic limits, dispersal limitation, and historical factors have commonly been invoked to explain community structure pat
The incretin - glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) - and the pro-inflammatory cytokine osteopontin are known to have important roles in the regulation of adipose tissue functions. In this work we show that GIP stimulates lipogenesis and osteopontin expression in primary adipocytes. The GIP-induced increase in osteopontin expression was inhibited by the NFAT (the transcription factor
