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International water resources agreements for transboundary rivers in southern Africa are generally founded in system analysis models for water planning and allocation. The Water Resources Yield Model (WRYM) developed in South Africa has so far been the only model applied in official joint water resources studies aimed to form water-sharing agreements. The continuous discussion around the model per
Measurements of water content profiles are of great interest in hydrology and soil science. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a well-established method for water content measurements; however, most TDR probe designs are suitable for measurements in only a small soil volume. In this article, a 1-m long TDR profiling probe with five measurement sections is described. Unlike most other previous prof
We develop theoretical and computational tools which can appraise traffic flow models and optimize their performance against current time-series traffic data and prevailing conditions. The proposed methodology perturbs the parameter space and undertakes path-wise analysis of the resulting time series. Most importantly the approach is valid even under non-equilibrium conditions and is based on p
In this investigation, a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)-based metabolomic protocol for adherent cell cultures was developed using statistical design of experiments. Cell disruption, metabolite extraction, and the GC/MS settings were optimized aiming at a gentle, unbiased, sensitive, and high-throughput metabolomic protocol. Due to the heterogeneity of the metabolome and the inherent
Given images of a scene taken by a moving camera or recordings of a moving smart phone playing a song by a microphone array, how hard is it to reconstruct the scene structure or the moving trajectory of the phone? In this thesis, we study and solve several fundamental geometric problems in order to provide solutions to these problems. The key underlying technique for solving such geometric probl
Popular Abstract in Swedish Utveckling av nya industriella produkter sker allt oftare med hjälp av datormodeller. Dessa modeller beskriver fysiken för respektive produkt, vilket exempelvis kan vara en bil eller ett kraftverk. Med hjälp av modellerna kan en stor del av analyserna på de framtida produkterna ske med hjälp av datorer, varför färre prototyper behöver konstrueras, vilket medför kortare Simulation of coupled dynamical systems, where the subsystems are bundled with their own internal solver, is important in industry. This is due to that in many cases, with complex systems, this is the only viable option. In this setting, the dynamics of each system is hidden and information between subsystems is exchanged through sampled inputs and outputs, a weakly coupled system. While a new ind
Fuel economy and emissions are the two central parameters in heavy duty engines; most of the existing heavy duty engines are run with diesel. The overall efficiency of diesel engines is good however they suffer from high levels of emissions mainly NOX and soot. Using alternative fuels like Natural-Gas has shown to be a good way to reduce emissions level. Diesel engines can be easily converted to N
Mucosal surfaces of the reproductive tract as well as their secretions have important roles in preventing sexual transmission of HIV-1. In the current study, the majority of the intrinsic anti-HIV-1 activity of human seminal plasma (SP) was determined to reside in the cationic polypeptide fraction. Antiviral assays utilizing luciferase reporter cells and lymphocytic cells revealed the ability of w
Water and salt mass balances for the Dead Sea were modeled to consider different possible methods for maintaining its water level and water volume. In the models, precipitation, evaporation, rivers, ground water, input/output from potash companies and salt production, and brine discharge were included. The mixing time in the Dead Sea was modeled by a 1) single-layer (well-mixed) system, and a 2) t
Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning på Svenska: Avhandlingen handlar om tvångsvård av alkoholister och presenterar såväl metodologiska som kliniska studier av behandlingsutfall. Innebörd av tvångsvård Alkoholister kan uppleva många olika typer av påtryckning för att gå in i behandling. Fysisk och psykisk smärta, sociala påtryckningar från närstående eller arbetsgivare, samt olika typer avThis thesis concerns involuntary social treatment for alcoholism. Alcoholics who were compulsorily committed according to the Swedish Act of Care of Addicts in Certain Cases (LVM) were treated together with voluntary patients. They were followed up by mail questionnaires to patients, significant others and social workers. Self-reports were in satsifactory agreement with collateral reports concerni
In this paper. we present an analysis of different channel estimator structures that can be used and efficiently implemented with minor configuration changes of a common hardware for both LTE and DVB-H Such common estimator structures for LTE and DVB-H allow algorithm and hardware reuse when both standards are implemented on the same platform. In this approach, a core estimator will be utilized to
The paper addresses the challenges of supply chain management in the electronics sector influenced by the trends of globalisation, production outsourcing and emerging product-related environmental policies. The trends have forced the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to take eco-design and supply chain management (SCM) initiatives, which pose challenging demands on the suppliers in developin
Popular Abstract in Swedish Strålbehandling av cancerpatienter sker idag med avancerad teknik och utrustning. Förberedelserna inför behandlingen är omfattande och kräver medverkan av flera olika personalkategorier och övervakning via datoriserade verifikationssystem. I varje led i förberedelsekedjan finns en potentiell risk för avvikelser, vilka kan vara både systematiska eller tillfälliga i sin nThe aim of this work was to develop, implement and evaluate an independent system with which to calculate the absorbed dose, delivered by high-energy X-ray beams, to the prescription point and the depth of dose maximum. The introduction of such a system in the clinical routine may help ensure high-quality treatment and avoidance of errors which may jeopardise the clinical outcome of the treatment
The objective of this paper is to describe the evaluation and effects of a major reconstruction of an arterial street in Eskilstuna, a medium sized Swedish town. The aim of the reconstruction was to minimize the barrier effects of the arterial street and by that create a stronger connection between the town center, on one side of the street, and the town-river, on the other; but also to create gen
