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Popular Abstract in Swedish Olika former av ljus har använts i åtminstone 5000 år i medicinska sammanhang. Man har i många tidiga kulturer använt solljus för att behandla olika sjukdomar. Under det senaste århundradet har användandet av ljus introducerats i den västerländska medicinen. Nya former av ljusterapi har införts. Med utvecklingen av lasern på 1960-talet dök nya användningsområden upp. LaSome aspects on the use of light for tissue characterization and treatment of malignant tumours are discussed within this thesis. The work presented aims at improving optical techniques for tissue characterization, especially to detect malignant and pre-malignant lesions. A knowledge on the interaction between light and tissue is of utmost importance to understand and improve the various technique

Popular Abstract in Swedish En cell är uppbyggd av många olika ämnen som är livsviktiga för dess liv. Polyaminerna – putrescin, spermidin och spermin – är några av dessa ämnen. Celler måste ha tillräckligt mycket polyaminer för att tillväxten ska ske normalt: för lite gör att cellerna slutar att dela sig och för mycket kan omvandla celler till cancer celler. Kunskap om vad polyaminer gör och hur The polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, are essential for all forms of life. The polyamine biosynthetic pathway has been shown to be a potential target for drugs against various trypanosomal parasitic diseases. The two main enzymes in the biosynthesis of polyamines are ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC). ODC catalyzes the first step of pol

Carrier frequency offset (CFO) synchronization is a crucial issue in the implementation of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Since current technology tends to implement different standards in the same wireless device, a common frequency synchronization structure is desirable. Knowledge of the physical frame and performance and cost system requirements are needed to choose

This paper introduces a two-dimensional extension of the well established Rietveld refinement method for modeling neutron time-of-flight powder diffraction data. The novel approach takes into account the variation of two parameters, diffraction angle 2θ and wavelength λ, to optimally adapt to the varying resolution function in diffraction experiments. By doing so, the refinement against angular- a

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess, in a large data set from Swedish Medical Health Registries, whether maternal obesity and maternal morbid obesity were associated with an increased risk for various structural birth defects. METHODS: The study population consisted of 1,049,582 infants born in Sweden from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2007, with known maternal weight and

Childhood and adolescence are critical periods of neural development and physical growth. The malnutrition and related medical complications resulting from eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified may have more severe and potentially more protracted consequences during youth than during other age periods. The consensus opinion

Primary and backup paths in MPLS fast reroute (FRR) may be established as shortest paths according to the administrative link costs of the IP control plane, or as explicitly calculated arbitrary paths. In both cases, the path layout can be optimized so that the maximum link utilization for a specific traffic matrix and for a set of considered failure scenarios is minimized. In this paper, we propo

OBJECTIVES: To design and validate a scoring system for tomosynthesis (digital tomography) in pulmonary cystic fibrosis. METHODS: A scoring system dedicated to tomosynthesis in pulmonary cystic fibrosis was designed. Three radiologists independently scored 88 pairs of radiographs and tomosynthesis examinations of the chest in 60 patients with cystic fibrosis and 7 oncology patients. Radiograph

We present a summary of late Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic mafic magmatism in the Siberian craton, including recently published U-Pb and Ar-40-Ar-39 dates. These new precise ages suggest that at least some of the previously published K-Ar ages of Siberian mafic bodies should be ignored. The time-space geochronological chart, or the 'barcode' of mafic magmatic events shows significant differen

Detailed (222)radon (Rn-222) flux maps are an essential pre-requisite for the use of radon in atmospheric transport studies. Here we present a high-resolution Rn-222 flux map for Europe, based on a parameterization of Rn-222 production and transport in the soil. The Rn-222 exhalation rate is parameterized based on soil properties, uranium content, and modelled soil moisture from two different land

Biofuels for transport are attracting considerable support from the European Union. However, the complexity of the biofuels industry and the diversity of actors create significant challenges for policy-making and governance. This paper explores the role of governance in the development of the biofuels industry in Europe focusing on Sweden and the UK. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the

By reducing the cadmium (Cd(2+)) content in biomass used for bio-based products such as biogas, a less toxic bio-based fertilizer can be obtained. In this work, we demonstrate how a macroporous polymer can support titanate nanotubes, and we take advantage of its known selective adsorption behavior towards Cd(2+) in an adsorption process from real nutrient-rich process water from hydrolysis of seaw

In this paper we present an improved algorithm for finding low-weight multiples of polynomials over the binary field using coding theoretic methods. The associated code defined by the given polynomial has a cyclic structure, allowing an algorithm to search for shifts of the sought minimum-weight codeword. Therefore, a code with higher dimension is constructed, having a larger number of low-w

Density functional theory calculations are often used to interpret experimental shifts in core level binding energies. Calculations based on gradient-corrected (GC) exchange-correlation functionals are known to reproduce measured core level shifts (CLS) of isolated molecules and metal surfaces with reasonable accuracy. In the present study, we discuss a series of examples where the shifts calculat

Introduction and hypothesis Urinary incontinence (UI) is common among the elderly, but the literature is sparse on the surgical treatment of UI among the elderly. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of surgical interventions as treatment for urinary incontinence in the elderly population >= 65 years of age. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and prospective nonrandomize