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Deep reinforcement learning has driven remarkable progress in quadrupedal locomotion, yet the resulting controllers typically treat the robot's physical limits as soft penalties in the reward, offering no guarantee that joint limits, leg kinematics, or obstacle clearance are respected during or after training. Safe-exploration methods promise such guarantees, but they have been developed almos
In this paper I discuss the compatibility of externalism about epistemic justification with the well-known KK-thesis in epistemic logic. A weaker form of the KK-thesis (if one knows, one is also in a position to know that one knows) is first defended against Williamson's anti-luminosity arguments. Given some base assumptions about the nature of human beings and states of knowing, it is argued
In 1977 van Fraassen showed convincingly, and in detail, how one can give a dissentive answer to the question “[a]re there necessities in nature?”. In this paper, I follow his lead and show in a similar fashion and detail, how it is 5 possible to give a dissentive answer to: Are there probabilities in nature? This is achieved by giving a partial analysis – with the aid of Kaplanian pragmatics – of
Current developments in genetics and genomics entail a number of changes and challenges for society as new knowledge and technology become common in the clinical setting and in society at large. The relationship between genetics and ethics has been much discussed during the last decade, while the relationship between genetics and the political arena-with terms such as rights, distribution, experti
The central role of solar photovoltaics (PV) energy to facilitate transition of energy systems leads to the global diffusion of solar PV systems. Despite increasing deployment, the adoption of solar PV systems still faces numerous barriers. The existence of a business model can contribute to the removal of barriers, and further catalyze solar PV development. This study carries out an assessment to
The European project has come a long way in establishing peace, creating a common market, and expanding its borders. At the same time, diminishing popular legitimacy has spurred talk about a European Union in crisis. How far has the EU really come in fulfilling its grand visions? Is the project barely half-way? Or could we say with some confidence that European integration is solidified and will c
This paper focuses on the discussion of the general characteristics of 12 Swedish learners’ oral production of the Chinese aspect markers le, guò, zài, and zhe. Their oral performance is discussed with respect to Krashen’s Monitor hypothesis (1978, 1981, 1987) on the role of conscious learning. The functions of the Monitor in planning, editing and correcting is discussed respectively in relation t
This paper is a reply to a recent paper on the isomers of trisulfur oxides (Chem. Commun., 2005, 3712) where the accuracy of the CASPT2 method is called in question. We illustrate that their results are due to an inadequate choice of active orbitals. Some results for related O and S containing molecules are also presented to strengthen the argumentation. It is concluded that the CASPT2 method is a
Discussion about Director/Actor/Film Historian Peter Bogdanovich with regard to his book Who the hell is it? (In Swedish)
We find that the nature and origin of the proposed "dialogical cognitive representations" in the target article is not sufficiently clear. Our proposal is that (triadic) bodily mimesis and in particular mimetic schemas-prelinguistic representational, intersubjective structures, emerging through imitation but subsequently interiorized-can provide the necessary link between private sensory-motor exp
