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BACKGROUND: Early life risk factors are associated with cardiometabolic disease, but have not been fully studied in atrial fibrillation (AF). There are discordant results from existing studies of birth weight and AF, and the impact of maternal body size, gestational age, placental size, and birth length is unknown.METHODS AND RESULTS: The Helsinki Birth Cohort Study includes 13 345 people born as

The aim of model calibration is to estimate unique parameter values from available experimental data, here applied to a biocatalytic process. The traditional approach of first gathering data followed by performing a model calibration is inefficient, since the information gathered during experimentation is not actively used to optimize the experimental design. By applying an iterative robust model-

The ever-increasing consumption of natural resources required for the production of consumer electronics, and the growing amount of electronic waste, underline the importance and urgency of extending the lifespan and use of such products. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) remanufacturing is a growing industry, which nonetheless faces several barriers. Consumers often have a perception

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Background: Geant4, a Monte Carlo Simulation Toolkit extensively used in bio-medical physics, is in continuous evolution to include newest research findings to improve its accuracy and to respond to the evolving needs of a very diverse user community. In 2014, the G4-Med benchmarking system was born from the effort of the Geant4 Medical Simulation Benchmarking Group, to benchmark and monitor the e

Hydrogen-fuelled technologies for home heating and cooking may provide a low-carbon solution for decarbonising parts of the global housing stock. For the transition to transpire, the attitudes and perceptions of consumers must be factored into policy making efforts. However, empirical studies are yet to explore potential levels of consumer heterogeneity regarding domestic hydrogen acceptance. In r

A summary of the constraints from searches performed by the ATLAS collaboration for the electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos is presented. Results from eight separate ATLAS searches are considered, each using 140 fb−1 of proton-proton data at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV collected at the Large Hadron Collider during its second data-taking run. The results are interpreted in

Post-compression of (sub)-picosecond laser pulses down to sub-100 fs durations has become a standard approach for high-peak-power sources at a high average power [1]. Here, we propose a new post-compression geometry suited for extreme temporal compression of energetic narrowband lasers, such as diode or electrically pumped four-level systems which can deliver kW-average powers [2], but typically e

Re and Os concentrations and isotopic composition were analysed in four ultramafic cumulates from the Kedum tectonic lens within the Mylonite Zone, SW Sweden. An 1887±36 Ma isochron is obtained for six samples and interpreted to date the Kedum body. This is significantly older than the -1600-1700 Ma surrounding crust and the first rocks of Svecofennian age west of the Trans Scandinavian Igneous Be

This article presents and discusses results from an exercise in comparative content analysis of news articles about issues of conflict produced by Afghan journalists before and after participating in an internationally sponsored training and mentorship programme in Peace Journalism. The programme was part of a Preventing Violent Extremism (PVE) project, intended to create community resources for r

Proteins and peptides are vital biomolecules, and deuterated amino acids are increasingly applied in areas such as drug discovery, metabolic tracing, and neutron scattering studies. In this study, we performed deuteration on all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, including their side chains, and established efficient methods for 13 amino acids. Using a Pt/C-catalyzed hydrogen–deuterium exchange reactio

The retinoblastoma gene (RB1), which is located on chromosome 13q14.2, is mutated in retinoblastoma (RB), the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. About 8000 new cases of retinoblastoma are diagnosed globally each year, accounting for approximately 1 in 17,000 live births. RB is prototypically considered hereditary by nature as thirty to forty percent of cases have autosomal domina

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future observatory for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides camera images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differenti

Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain are critical for regulating movement, cognition, and emotion. Ventral midbrain organoids can be used to model both development and diseases of the dopaminergic system, especially Parkinson’s disease. Here, we summarize recent advances and remaining challenges in developing such three-dimensional organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. We outline ho

The use of large language models (LLMs) is being explored for a multitude of tasks in software engineering (SE), ranging from code generation to bug report assignment. Although LLMs provide impressive results, they require more time and energy than some other machine learning models. For some tasks, simpler models may be more sustainable than LLMs. In this paper, we construct natural language clas

In this study, a serial production system consisting of two machines and an intermediate finite buffer is considered. The machines have random processing times, and each machine contains one unit of a common critical component that is subject to random breakdown. Broken components must be replaced from an inventory of ready-for-use spare parts to restore machine functionality. This inventory is re

This editorial introduces the special feature’s main objective: to provide latest research findings on the dynamics between environmental protection and post-conflict peacebuilding processes after internal armed conflicts. In the feature, we propose a broad understanding of environmental peacebuilding that takes all cycles of the peacebuilding process into account and puts stronger emphasis on the