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Within the newly decided scheme for CE-marking of cables1 a full-scale fire test for cables (prEN503992) has been introduced. The new test measures heat and smoke production rates and flame spread and in some cases requires large amounts of cables. In the project presented here a modelling tool was developed to predict full-scale results using data from the small-scale fire test Cone Calorimeter.
This paper introduces means for fatigue damage rates estimation using Laplace distributed multiaxial loads. The model is suitable for description of stresses containing transients of random amplitudes and locations. Explicit formulas for computing the expected value of rainflow damage index as a function of excess kurtosis are given for correlated loads. A Laplace model is used to describe variabi
This chapter does not deal with any practical aspects of light measurement, only with theoretical concepts. The following concepts are explained: energy fluence , energy fluence rate, photon fluence, photon fluence rate and radiance, mol, as well as the following superflu-ous or obsolete terms and synonyms: actinic flux, space irradiance, scalar irradiance, spherical irradiance, vectorial irradian
The optical design for the proposed Euro50 extremely large telescopewith integrated adaptive optics (AO) is presented. For atmosphericturbulence correction, we propose using single and dual-conjugate AOsystems working with natural and laser guide stars. The corrective shapeof the deformable mirrors (DMs) is derived from an analytical algorithmbased on minimization of the sum of the residual power
The detection of spectral line profile variability for stars of the HgMnclass of chemical peculiarity has been poorly documented in theliterature yet holds a special significance for understandingrelationships between observed spectral anomalies, stellar surfacestructure, and magnetic fields. The HgMn stars have until now not beenconfirmed to vary in their light or spectral characteristics in ways
[1] Pathfinder AVHRR NDVI data have been analyzed for the African Sahel to study recent trends in vegetation greenness. A strong increase in seasonal NDVI was observed over large areas in the Sahel during the period 1982-1999. The increase is interpreted as a vegetation recovery from the drought periods of the 1980's. Although strong shifts in satellite overpass times have led to shifting solar ze
A derivation for a polarized CCFM evolution equation which is suitable to describe the scaling behavior of the unintegrated polarized gluon density is given. We discuss the properties of this polarized CCFM equation and compare it to the standard CCFM equation in the unpolarized case.
Affinity proteomics, mainly represented by antibody microarrays, has in recent years been established as a powerful tool for high-throughput (disease) proteomics. The technology can be used to generate detailed protein expression profiles, or protein maps, of focused set of proteins in crude proteomes and potentially even high-resolution portraits of entire proteomes. The technology provides uniqu
We show that, if a groupoid graded ring has a grading satisfying a certain nondegeneracy property, then the commutant of the center of the principal component of the ring has the ideal intersection property, that is it intersects nontrivially every nonzero ideal of the ring. Furthermore, we show that for skew groupoid algebras with commutative principal component, the principal component is maxima
CO2 fluxes for the Netherlands and surroundings are estimated for the year 2008, from concentration measurements at four towers, using an inverse model. The results are compared to direct CO2 flux measurements by aircraft, for 6 flight tracks over the Netherlands, flown multiple times in each season. We applied the Regional Atmospheric Mesoscale Modeling system (RAMS) coupled to a simple carbon fl
This article discusses measurement of socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of a health condition, in response to the recent exchange between Guido Erreygers and Adam Wagstaff, in which they discuss the merits of their own corrections to the frequently used concentration index. We first reconcile their debate and discuss the value judgments implicit in their indices. Next, we provide a form
Hollow structures on the submicrometer scale (urn) are obtained with the assembly of polyelectrolytes according to the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. Following the LbL procedure, polymers alginate and chitosan were alternatively adsorbed on a vesicular template made of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB). Evidence for the removal of the vesicular template entrapped in the alginate/chitosan f
The objective of the international Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is to map and annotate all proteins encoded by the genes on each human chromosome. The C-FIPP consortium was established to organize a collaborative network among the research teams responsible for protein mapping of individual chromosomes and to identify compelling biological and genetic mechanisms influencing co
When the moon is absent from the night sky, stars remain as celestial visual cues. Nonetheless, only birds [1, 2], seals [3], and humans [4] are known to use stars for orientation. African ball-rolling dung beetles exploit the sun, the moon, and the celestial polarization pattern to move along straight paths, away from the intense competition at the dung pile [5-9]. Even on clear moonless nights,
