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Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health problem with the highest prevalence in East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of infected people, including healthcare workers are unaware of their status. This study is aimed to determining seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among healthcare workers in northern Tanzania. Methods: This cross-sectio
BACKGROUND: The major risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease differ by race or ethnicity but have largely been defined using populations of European ancestry. Despite the rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Africa there are few related data from African populations. Therefore, we compared the association of established cardiovascular risk factors with carotid-intima med
I Sverige utgör principen om avtalsfrihet en grundläggande princip inom den kommersiella kontraktsrätten. Avtalsfriheten innebär att parterna själva anses kunna disponera över avtalets innehåll och utformning. Denna princip möjliggör en omfördelning av risk i förhållande till vad som hade gällt enligt dispositiv rätt. Vanligt är att det i såväl standardiserade avtal som i individuellt framtagna avThe principle of freedom of contract is a fundamental principle in commercial contract law in Sweden. Freedom of contract means that the parties themselves are considered to be able to dispose of the content and shape of the agreement. This principle enables a redistribution of risk in relation to what would have applied under optional law. It is common for both standardized agreements and individ
Ecosystem services from forestry are highly valuable and may be limited by ungulate browsing. Thus, I investigated the impact and seasonality of browsing on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) using seasonal exclosures. Slightly more than 10 % of the pine trees were browsed at the top shoot, compared to spruce where top shoot browsing was almost non-existent. Pines that h
Title: Performance Measurement Systems in Tripartite Collaboration - Use and Perception in a Public Transportation Context Seminar date: 2025-06-05 Course: BUSN09 - Degree project in International Strategic Management Authors: Filip Milicic & Hedda Eld Supervisor: Magnus Johansson Keywords: Performance measurement systems; PMS; Tripartite Collaboration; Public Transport, Public Transportatio
In an urbanizing world, challenged by climate change and rising temperatures, street vegetation can help mitigate urban temperatures. However, scaling the understanding of street vegetation’s cooling effects from local observations to the city level introduces challenges. While several studies have assessed the influence of street greenery on land surface temperature (LST) at the city scale using
Background: Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is a well-known risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, studies examining its relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) have produced conflicting results and suggested possible sex-specific differences. This study investigated the sex-specific associations between serum apoB concentrations and incident AF and offer insight into the inconsistencies in previous resea
Importance: Early identification of the likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using minimal information is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention, which can affect developmental outcomes. Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model for predicting ASD using a minimal set of features from background and medical information and to evaluate the predictors and the util
This paper seeks to examine the extent to which the debt cancellations under the HIPC Initiatives have met their objective of reducing poverty by increasing public sector expenditure on healthcare and education (so called pro-poor spending) over the period of 1996-2005. There are mainly two reasons to believe that the debt relief efforts will enable increased social spending (i) the debt cancellat
Med den globala uppvärmningen förutspås klimatet i arktiska och subarktiska miljöer förändras påtagligt. Enligt IPCCs senaste rapport kan både temperatur och nederbörd öka dubbelt så mycket som det globala genomsnittet, och störst ökning väntas under vinterhalvåret. Många känsliga ekosystem och miljöer kommer med stor sannolikhet att påverkas redan vid små förändringar. Ett exempel på sådana miljöThe on-going global warming is projected to have large impacts on the arctic and subarctic environment. Especially vulnerable are ecosystems with narrow climatic envelopes and with small possibilities of adaptation. An example of this is the palsa mires, subarctic mire complexes with patches of permafrost. Palsas are peat mounds with a frozen core, formed by the expansion and upheaval of the segre
IMPORTANCE Prostate cancer commonly metastasizes to bone, and bone metastases are associated with pathologic fractures, pain, and reduced survival. Bone disease is routinely visualized using the technetium Tc 99m(99mTc) bone scan; however, the standard interpretation of bone scan data relies on subjective manual assessment of counting metastatic lesion numbers. There is an unmet need for an object
Objective: To determine the role of inflammatory biomarkers at 2 years post–anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to predict radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–defined knee OA at 5 years postinjury, with a secondary aim of estimating the concordance of inflammatory biomarkers assessed by MRI and synovial fluid (SF) analysis. Methods: We studied 113 patient
Taiwanese bridal photography is a unique practice with the goal to produce images of fantasy styles ahead of the wedding. Chosen images are displayed at the wedding banquet for the guests to admire and later used as decoration in the house of newlyweds. This visual phenomenon is interesting in that people actively take part in the creation and consumption of visual commodity and it is connected to
The aim with this paper is to trying to give its reader an insight into the alleged abuse at institutions for children that was run by various religious orders of the Catholic church in Ireland. My research is mainly based on the 20th century, but I have also taken earlier centuries into account in order to get a wider picture of the development of the service provided by the religious orders. I h
Background: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) enables non-invasive quantification of cardiac output (CO) and thereby cardiac index (CI, CO indexed to body surface area). The aim of this study was to establish if CI decreases with age and compare the values to CI for athletes and for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: CI was measured in 144 healthy volunteers (39 +/- 16 ye
The source contributions to carbonaceous PM2.5 aerosol were investigated at a European background site at the edge of the Po Valley, in Northern Italy, during the period January-December 2007. Carbonaceous aerosol was described as the sum of 8 source components: primary (1) and secondary (2) biomass burning organic carbon, biomass burning elemental carbon (3), primary (4) and secondary (5) fossil
Background: Several attempts to increase the locoregional control in locally advanced lung cancer including concurrent chemotherapy, accelerated fractionation and dose escalation have been made during the last years. As the EGFR directed antibody cetuximab has shown activity concurrent with radiotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, as well as in stage IV NSCLC combined with che
Background: An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture results in an increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis (OA) at an early age. Before clinical signs become apparent, the OA process has already been initiated. Therefore, it is important to look at the cascade of changes, such as the activity of cytokines and proteases, which might be associated with the later development of OA. Purpos
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Studies of electron FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) in companion animals are being conducted at several institutions. High energy electron beams are generally suitable for treatment of superficial cancers, but of limited use for deep-seated tumors. In this case report, the feasibility of intracavitary electron FLASH-RT is demonstrated.MATERIALS/METHODS: A canine cancer patient
