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In Mycena sectio Calodontes with otherwise amyloid spores, the inamyloid spores of Mycena pearsoniana Dennis ex Singer were a distinguishing feature for this species and its subsection Violacella. Although the original concept of this species was European, Singer chose to typify it with material collected in Mexico. The name has since been applied to all European collections with inamyloid spores

Who benefits from the ignorance of others? We address this question from the point of view of a policy maker who can induce some ignorance into a system of agents competing for resources. Evolutionary game theory shows that when unconditional cooperators or ignorant agents compete with defectors in two-strategy settings, unconditional cooperators get exploited and are rendered extinct. In contrast

The incidence of treatment-related neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is rising as more potent drugs targeting the androgen signaling axis are clinically implemented. Neuroendocrine transdifferentiation (NEtD), an putative initial step in t-NEPC development, is induced by androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) or anti-androgens, and by activation of the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) in prostate

Vi undersöker kliniska konsekvenser av kronisk njursjukdom (CKD) och effekter av fysisk träning, dialysmodalitet och parathyreoidektomi. I RENEXC, en stor randomiserad kontrollerad träningsstudie, undersöker vi långtidseffekter av fysisk träning hos patienter med CKD 3-5. Vi undersöker fysisk funktionsförmåga, kardiovaskulär sjuklighet, livskvalitet, kroppssammansättning och följsamheten till tränWe are investigating the clinical consequences of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the effects of exercise training, dialysis modality and parathyroidectomy. IN RENEXC, a large randomized controlled exercise training study, we are investigating long-term effects of exercise training in patients with CKD 3-5. We are analysing physical function, cardiovascular morbidity, quality of life, body compos

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BACKGROUND: Genuine Euro-Collins solution is calcium free. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the addition of calcium would improve its capacity to preserve the vasculature. METHODS: The infrarenal aorta of Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated in organ baths: as fresh controls, after 24 hours of cold (4 degrees C) storage in Euro-Collins solution, or in Euro-Collins solution with the

A number of specific chromosomal abnormalities define the subgroups of multiple myeloma. In a meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies of multiple myeloma including a total of 1,661 affected individuals, we investigated risk for developing a specific tumor karyotype. The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation in which CCND1 is placed under the control of the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhance

This study investigates the integration of Large Language Models with the TRIZ to improve problem solving and innovation in industrial product development. By combining the structured problem-solving framework of TRIZ with LLMs to process large amounts of data and generate ideas, this hybrid approach seeks to overcome the limitations of traditional TRIZ and optimize solution generation. In a case

Background: Collider bias is often considered a potential explanation when the association between obesity and disease diagnosis differs from that with disease outcome, as seen in the “obesity paradox.” For prostate cancer (PCa), in particular localized PCa, an “inverse” obesity paradox has been observed, where body mass index (BMI) is negatively associated with diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] ~0.9 p

The ability to successfully replace lost nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been clearly shown with fetal ventral mesencephalic transplants, albeit inconsistently. The need to trial this approach with stem-cell-derived neurons is approaching, but it should only commence when all the key issues have been adequately resolved.

The surface-localized M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes is a major virulence factor that inhibits phagocytosis, as determined ex vivo. Because little is known about the role of M protein in vivo we analyzed the contribution of different M protein regions to virulence, using the fibrinogen (Fg)-binding M5 protein and a mouse model of acute invasive infection. This model was suitable, because M5 i

The gene encoding the Drosophila protein phosphatase 2A 55 kd regulatory subunit (PR55) is located at 85F and directs the synthesis of differentially spliced transcripts. Maternal RNAs are present at very high levels in early embryos and decline around cellularization. Zygotic transcripts are present mainly in the developing embryonic nervous system and gonads. Transcripts are uniformly distribute