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Background: Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to simple sugars at commercial scale is hampered by the high cost of saccharifying enzymes. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) may hold the key to overcome economic barriers. Recent studies have shown that controlled activation of LPMOs by a continuous H2O2 supply can boost saccharification yields, while overdosing H2O2 may lea

Treatment of depression is hampered by the failure to identify distinct symptom profiles with distinct pathophysiologies that differentially respond to distinct treatments. We posit that inflammatory depression is a meaningful depression subtype associated with specific symptoms and biological abnormalities. We review several upstream, potentially causative, mechanisms driving low-grade inflammati

Long life requires individuals to defend themselves against pathogens over prolonged periods of time whilst minimising damage to themselves. In vertebrates, pathogen defence is provided by two integrated systems, innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is relatively nonspecific, resulting in collateral damage to hosts, and does not involve canonical immunological memory. In contrast, adaptiv

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to enhance the heat transfer and thermal performance in the trailing edge region of the vane with vortex generators (VGs). Design/methodology/approach: This numerical study presents the enhancement of thermal performance in the trailing part of a gas turbine blade. In the trailing part, generally, pin fins are used either in staggered or in-line arrangements t

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors on the depolarization associated with severe hypoglycemia, which is commonly preceded by one or a few transient depolarizations reminiscent of cortical spreading depression (CSD). In the cerebral cortices of rats [K+](e) and [Ca2+](e) were measured with ion-selective microelectrodes. NMD

BACKGROUND: Very few studies have investigated whether unilateral choanal atresia is associated with permanent olfactory deficits.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory performance of patients with unilateral choanal atresia postsurgically.METHODS: Three patients with unilateral atresia were examined in terms of olfactory performance with the Sniffin' Sticks test (odor identificatio

We demonstrate direct visualization of melting mapping of DNA stretched in nanoscale channels[1] using standard staining methods and epifluorescence microscopy to gain information on the local AT/GC ratio along large DNA molecules. Our development opens up a novel route to mapping of large-scale genomic variations.

This article examines the novel and film, Balzac et la petite tailleuse chinoise, by the Franco-Chinese writer and filmmaker Dai Sijie, the story of which takes place against the background of the Cultural Revolution. The first part of my analysis will make clear how the film illuminates and dramatizes the special texture, aesthetic, and structure of the novel. I then move on to investigate the li

A critical comparison of two mid 19th century versions of the story of As’ad al-Shidyâq, a young Maronite who became the first Protestant sympathiser in Lebanon; the first version written by an American missionary (Isaac Bird), the second by a Lebanese intellectual (Butrus al-Bustani) who became a Protestant. The comparison reveals differences between expatriate and indigenous perceptions of Prote

Famous for its many New Kingdom stelai and funerary shrines, Speos of Horemheb and magnificent quarries, this paper presents a preliminary report on a lesser acknowledged feature of Gebel el Silsila: its quarry marks. Focusing here on the northern section – Partition B – of Silsila East’s Main Quarry, seventeen individual quarry faces display totally 376 quarry marks, which have been divided into

In 2010, unmet medical care and sexual health counseling needs were assessed among students at a Ugandan University. Unmet medical care need was associated with poor mental health, experience of sexual coercion, and poor self-rated health. Unmet sexual health counseling need was significantly associated with being female, coming from an urban area, low social participation, poor mental health stat

A flattening filter free x-ray beam mode was added to an Elekta linear accelerator by placing a flat copper plate in the filter carousel and recalibrating the electron steering servo, gun servo and dosimetry system. Machine configurations were saved onto a separate hard disk in order to remain separate from the clinical configuration. Profile measurements with a Schuster BMS diode array show that

This article deals with multi-unit questioning turns used in different genres of institutional interactions. Analyzing in detail a corpus of about 400 multiunit questions from health care interactions, court trials, police interrogations, and social welfare office talks from Sweden and Finland (all in the Swedish language), a number of sequential patterns are established. Some of these sequential