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Brain tissue segmentation plays a crucial role in feature extraction, volumetric quantification, and morphometric analysis of brain scans. For the assessment of brain structure and integrity, CT is a non-invasive, cheaper, faster, and more widely available modality than MRI. However, the clinical application of CT is mostly limited to the visual assessment of brain integrity and exclusion of copat
Extending the lifetime of products is seen as a key objective for realising the vision of a Circular Economy. One way to increase the lifespan of products is to enable more repair activities. However, consumers encounter a variety of barriers for repairs, prompting public authorities in Europe and the US to adopt or propose policies in support of consumer repairs. Sweden has recently adopted a cir
Here we discuss the current state of knowledge of terrestrial planet formation from the aspects of different planet formation models and isotopic data from 182Hf-182W, U-Pb, lithophile-siderophile elements, 48Ca/44Ca isotope samples from planetary building blocks, recent reproduction attempts from 36Ar/38Ar, 20Ne/22Ne, 36Ar/22Ne isotope ratios in Venus’ and Earth’s atmospheres, the expected solar
Combustion of fuel in diesel engines emits substances harmful to the environment such as soot. These emissions can be reduced by either in-cylinder treatments or after-treatments. One of the common in-cylinder treatments is multiple-injection, which divides a single fuel injection to multiple smaller injections. There are many open questions on the physical processes of the ignition, combustion a
Aims. The central region of a circumstellar disk is difficult to resolve in global numerical simulations of collapsing cloud cores, but its effect on the evolution of the entire disk can be significant. Methods. We used numerical hydrodynamics simulations to model the long-term evolution of self-gravitating and viscous circumstellar disks in the thin-disk limit. Simulations start from the gravitat
The aim of this study was to derive dietary patterns associated with cardio-metabolic traits and to examine whether these predict prospective changes in these traits and incidence of the metabolic syndrome (iMetS). Subjects from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cardiovascular cohort without cardio-metabolic disease and related drug treatments at baseline (n 4071; aged 45-67 years, 40 % men) were in
The main objective of this study is to introduce the new Sandvik’s production cost-model within Crushing & Screening (C&S) technology. So far, there have been different ways of determining different production costs in the industry, however, the previously published and presented methods have not been very efficient in calculating the costs per product and metric ton. Accordingly, the curr
Atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences are the leading cause of death in the western hemisphere. While many studies throughout the last decades have aimed at understanding the disease, the clinical markers in use today still fail to accurately predict the risks. The role of the current main clinical indicator, low density lipoprotein (LDL), in depositing fat to the vessel wall is believed t
Based on Marcus theory, the photoinduced electron transfer properties of D-A type non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells (OSCs) under the dependence of external electric field (Fext) were investigated. The research results shown that the charge transfer mode under different Fext intensities changes with certain regularity. Focusing on the important parameters (ΔG, λ, and VDA) that affect the c
This thesis work concerns studies of two rare-earth-ions, praseodymium (Pr3+) and europium (Eu3+), doped into a yttrium orthosilicate (Y2SiO5) crystal for applications in quantum computing. The nuclear spin levels of these ions can have very long coherence times, up to several hours. Coherence can also be effectively transferred between the optical and hyperfine levels. These systems, therefore, h
Background: Pathology in the noradrenergic A6 locus coeruleus has not been compared with more rostral dopaminergic A9 substantia nigra and A10 ventral tegmental area, and cholinergic Ch4 basal nucleus and Ch1/2 septal regions in the same cases of Parkinson's disease (PD). Objective: To determine whether there is a gradient of caudal to rostral cell loss in PD. Methods: Postmortem brains were colle
Sprifermin, recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 (rhFGF18), induces cartilage regeneration in knees of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that a temporal multiphasic process of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and formation underlie this effect. We aimed to characterize the temporal ECM remodeling of human knee OA articular cartilage in response to sprifermin treatme
A protective coating is often used on the cladding of wooden facades to limit the absorption of moisture. Low wood moisture content (MC) is essential to obtain satisfactory durability performance. Wood density is known to influence the water sorption and crack formation of uncoated wood. However, the effect of density on the aforementioned behaviors of coated spruce is not yet fully understood. Si
I takt med den tekniska utvecklingen behandlas personuppgifter i allt större utsträckning och mer gränsöverskridande. Behandling och överföring av personuppgifter är förenat med en risk för att individens integritetsskydd åsidosätts. EU har en stark dataskyddslagstiftning och värnar om skydd av EU-medborgares personuppgifter. USA har inte en lika stark dataskyddslagstiftning. Samtidigt är USA en
Pappers- och pappersmassaindustrin har ökat markant under de senaste årtiondena. På grund av att samhället har blivit mer miljömedvetet har återvinning av papper blivit en allt viktigare del inom industrin. Återvunna pappersfiber är dock av lägre kvalité än nygjorda fibrer. Syftet med denna rapport är att analysera möjligheterna att använda ett enzym av typen lackas för att modifiera interaktionenThe pulp and paper industry have been a growing market during the last decades. Due to higher environmental concerns among people, the recycling of papers has become an even more important part of the industry. Recycled paper fibers however are of lower quality than virgin fibers. This report aims to analyze the possibility to use a laccase enzyme to modify the interaction between lignin and recyc
With the emergence of industrialisation, the work-life balance has become a point of discussion in many industries, among which the aviation industry. Distortions in the work-life balance became especially apparent when 24/7 economies evolved, and industries made a transition to facilitate and serve these economies. Incidents and accident have since then been related to fatigue more than before. T
The initiating impetus of this project was a frustration over the en-masse inaction experienced in relation to the climate crisis. Although people are aware of necessary actions few are able to act. This project attempts to understand people’s inability to act whilst looking at ways to counter this apathy through behavioral change. Through research on convenience, human behavior and inaction we a
The drug discovery and development process has changed dramatically during the last decades and the growth of more efficient techniques as high throughput screening combined with combinatorial synthesis using amino acids and carboxylic acids on solid support makes it possible to investigate the affinity of molecules towards a biological target. Fragment based drug discovery (FBDD) has been impleme
In this project particle production as a function of transverse momentum (\(p_{\rm T}\)) in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy (\(\sqrt{s}\)) of 7 TeV and 13 TeV has been studied. The transverse momentum is interesting to study since it reflects momentum created in the collision (before the collision, all momentum is in the beam - going in a longitudinal direction) and therefore g
With countries across the world finding pathways to counter CO2 emissions, sustainable mobility has become a critical topic for leaders, policymakers, and industries. The development of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV’s) is seen as an important and effective way through which reliance on fossil fuels and thereby related CO2 emissions can be reduced. Statistics show that the number EV’s on the roads
