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The setting for this study is Swedish film culture of the 1920s, which has been studied with a focus on representations of masculinity and gender relations according to four themes: 1) children and youth 2) fatherhood and love 3) sexuality and popularity 4) ethnicity and racial stereotyping. The rise of new consumer culture in the first decades of the 20th century created turmoil between traditio

The molecular process under which message in DNA is relayed onto RNA is called transcription, and it accomplished through involvement of so-called transcription factors. Zinc finger proteins are one of the most abundant classes of regulatory proteins in eukaryotic cells where they play central roles in a variety of cellular activities. A classical zinc finger is a small protein motif with a simple

This thesis describes the design and characterisation of a vacuum ultraviolet scanning photoelectron microscope as well as results from studies of laterally inhomogeneous surfaces. The instrument utilises synchrotron radiation from an undulator at the 550 MeV storage ring at the MAX-laboratory. The beamline is comprised of a plane-grating monochromator with a Kirkpatrick-Baez objective and a graz

Accuracy levels of metres per second require the fundamental concept of``radial velocity'' for stars and other distant objects to be examined,both as a physical velocity, and as measured by spectroscopic andastrometric techniques. Already in a classical (non-relativistic)framework the line-of-sight velocity component is an ambiguous concept,depending on whether, e.g., the time of light emission (a

Popular Abstract in Swedish 1100-talet var en mycket dynamisk och händelserik tid i dansk historia. Under detta århundrade ägde en rad samhällsförändringar rum som kom att påverka de allra flesta. På landsbygden samlades bebyggelsen i byar samtidigt som jordbruket rationaliserades och naturresurserna utnyttjades mer storskaligt. I städerna utvecklades penningekonomin och en mångfacetterad varuprodThe Early Middle Ages, comprising the period ca. 1000-1250, is usually described as a dynamic and eventful time, when many spheres of society underwent radical changes. The aim of this dissertation is to link these processes together in an overall holistic description of medieval society. The intention is thus to provide a "total historical" account of early medieval Denmark by means of a broad in

Ebola virus (EBOV) belongs to the group of nonsegmented negative-sense RNA viruses. The seven EBOV genes are separated by variable gene borders, including short (4- or 5-nucleotide) intergenic regions (IRs), a single long (144-nucleotide) IR, and gene overlaps, where the neighboring gene end and start signals share five conserved nucleotides. The unique structure of the gene overlaps and the prese

The Swedish model of industrial relations is distinguished by a high degree of self-regulation with roots around the turn of the century 1900. Under the threat of state regulation, the labour market parties in the 1930s, and again in the late 1990s, found they had a common interest in self-regulation. The 1938 Saltsjöbaden Agreement between the blue-collar confederation LO and the employer confede

Comparative empirical studies of the link between economic growth, carbon emissions and ecological footprints (e.g. Fritz and Koch 2016) suggest that current Western production and consumption patterns and welfare standards are incompatible with environmental limits and IPCC climate targets. In the absence of evidence for absolute decoupling of economic growth, material resource input and carbon e

Mänskliga rättigheter och internationell humanitär rätt har traditionellt betraktats som två skilda rättsområden. i dag är mänskliga rättigheter emellertid universellt tillämpliga, även under väpnade konflikter. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning Europadomstolen tillämpat eller tagit hänsyn till internationell humanitär rätt i sina domar. Vad som visas är att EuropadInternational human rights law and international humanitarian law are traditionally two distinct branches of law, one dealing with the protection of individuals, the other with the conduct of parties to an armed conflict. There is today a recognition that international human rights law is applicable in situations of armed conflict, in parallel with international humanitarian law. The aim of this M

Offentlig upphandling är ett ämne där många har synpunkter och ämnet har också debatteras frekvent i media och inom den juridiska diskursen. Inte minst handlar det om miljökrav där också fler och fler använda sig ut av dessa krav i sina upphandlingar. Ett samordnade och stödjande arbete med råd om hur man kan ställa miljökrav har bedrivits, inte minst inom ramen för Miljöstyrningsrådet (MSR). SamPublic procurement has been frequently debated in news-media but also in the legal discourse, during the last years. Especially regarding the possibility to set environmental goals and we can see these requirements being more frequently used. Coordinating and supporting functions has been developed with advice on how to set these types of requirements. For example has MSR (Miljöstyrningsrådet) bee

Med den här uppsatsen har jag velat belysa och undersöka olika bevisrättsliga grundbegrepp som är relevanta vid prövningen av någons identitet i skyddsgrundande ärenden. Med begrepp som bevisbörda, utredningsansvar och beviskrav har jag dels velat lyfta fram bevisprövningen i sig, dels belysa några rättssäkerhetsaspekter som kan komma att aktualiseras. Identiteten är en del av skyddsbedömningen

En oannonserad inspektion i konkurrensrättsliga sammanhang innebär att kommissionen eller bemyndigad konkurrensmyndighet besöker ett företag innan öppning för att gå igenom handlingar av olika slag, i syfte att påträffa bevis som styrker överträdelser av konkurrensrättsliga regler. Ett sådant förfarande är ett stort ingrepp i företagets integritet och därför ställs det höga krav på hur myndigheterAn unannounced inspection in competition law confers a right for the com-mission or authorized national competition authority to visit the premises of a company before opening hours, in order to search documents for evidence of competition law infringements. Such a procedure is extremely intrusive, in questioning a company’s integrity; therefore the commission, or national competition authorities,

I syfte att bekämpa grov brottslighet vidtar svenska myndigheter olika provokativa åtgärder, däribland brottsprovokation. Otillbörlig brottsprovokation innebär att någon provoceras att begå ett brott som denne annars inte hade begått. Detta är idag otillåtet, både enligt svensk rätt och enligt Europeiska konventionen om skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och de grundläggande fri- och rättigheterIn order to combat serious crime, Swedish authorities implement provocative actions, including entrapment. Undue entrapment means that someone is provoked to commit a crime that he or she would not otherwise have committed. This is currently prohibited, both under Swedish law and under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The purpose of the prohibition of such entrapment is to protect t

Syftet med mitt examensarbete är att undersöka i detalj hur gällande folkrätt förhåller sig till autonoma vapensystem. Bakgrunden till detta projekt är att internationell humanitär rätt förutsätter att aktörerna i kriget, soldater och officerare är människor. Krigföring har dock förändrats i allt högre grad sedan de första Genèvekonventionerna skrevs i augusti 1949. Krig kämpas numera med maskinerThe purpose of my Master Thesis is to examine, in detail, how current international law relates to autonomous weapon systems. The background for this project is that the requirement of current international humanitarian law presupposes that the characters of war, namely soldiers and military officers, are human beings. Warfare has, however, changed increasingly since the Geneva Conventions were wr

När ett barn placeras i ett familjehem, med anledning av missförhållanden i ursprungshemmet, är grundprincipen att barnet så snart det är möjligt ska återvända hem. För att omhändertagandet inte ska utgöra en kränkning av barnets rätt till familjeliv, måste myndigheterna arbeta aktivt för att få till ett återförenande. Samtidigt har det i olika rättsliga dokument och rättspraxis utvecklats en prinWhen a child is placed in foster care, the basic principle is that the child should return home as soon as possible. In order for the treatment not to constitute a violation of the child's right to family life, the authorities must work actively to reunite the family. At the same time, a principle has been developed in various legal documents and case law, whereby continuity and stability must

With the 11th century text Kitāb ādāb al-nikāḥ, the “Book on the Proper Conduct of Marriage”, the Islamic thinker al-Ghazālī (1056 –1111/447–504) replies to a contemporaneous debate within Sufi asceticism with a theology of nikāḥ. The text is part of his opus magnum, the “Renaissance of the Knowledge of dīn”, which aims at a renewal of Muslim piety and provides practical guidance to the male audie

The adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation proclaimed Europe’s stance on the significance of the right to data privacy today whereas digital technologies have prevailed all around the globe and all spheres of our lives. Digitalization is thus a phenomenon that has ever since drawn attention from leaders and policymakers which why the Regulation along with other European privacy regimes

I Sverige utgör bygg- och rivningsavfall en tredjedel av landets totala avfall, exklusive gruvavfall, samtidigt som bygg­ och fastighetssektorn står för omkring en femtedel av växthusgasutsläppen nationellt. Eftersom byggnader blir mer och mer energieffektiva blir det alltmer intressant att beakta klimatavtrycket som materialet bidrar med. För att förebygga bygg- och rivningsavfall och underlätta In Sweden the building sector is responsible for a third of the waste generated yearly, with the exception of mining waste, whilst the building and property sector generates a fifth of the national greenhouse gas emissions. As buildings are getting more and more energy efficient it becomes increasingly important to investigate the climate footprint from the materials themselves. To prevent constru

In order to fight climate change and meet the Paris Agreement to keep the global temperature rise below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels, there is an urgent need to change the dominant way of producing and consuming energy worldwide. However, governing an energy transition is a complex and challenging task, as different actors and interests clash on different levels. In this study, I have a closer