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Introduction: In former studies from North America early Do-Not-Resuscitate orders (DNR orders) in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) had negative prognostic impact on mortality. The influence of DNR orders on functional outcome and whether DNR orders are grounded on relevant patient characteristics is unknown. We aimed to determine the frequency and predictive factors of DNR-orders and
Med avseende på de svenska förhållandena vintertid kan frostpåverkan antas ha betydande inverkan på nedbrytningen av betong i vattenbyggnader. Både ytliga och inre skador, vilka misstänks ha orsakats av frostpåverkan, har upptäckts på betong i exempelvis vattenkraftkonstruktioner. Nämnda observationer har väckt frågor om vattenbyggnaders beständighet i ett kallt klimat. Ytligt belägna skador, vilOwing to the winter conditions in Sweden, the effects of frost action may have a considerable impact on the deterioration of concrete. Both superficial and internal damage, which are suspected to have been caused by frost action, have been found in concrete in hydraulic structures. These observations have raised questions about the long-term behaviour of hydraulic structures in cold regions. Supe
In 2008 Bhutan inaugurated a written constitution thereby instituting the state as a constitutional monarchy. The constitution is almost unanimously described as democratic by international media and academics. The ease with which this apparent consensus on its democratic character has been achieved, however, raises the important question of how best to approach the theory of constitutional democr
Background: Dairy proteins, in particular the whey fraction, exert insulinogenic properties and facilitate glycemic regulation through a mechanism involving elevation of certain plasma amino acids, and stimulation of incretins. Human milk is rich in whey protein and has not been investigated in this respect. Method: Nine healthy volunteers were served test meals consisting of human milk, bovine mi
Context. The first release of astrometric data from Gaia is expected in 2016. It will contain the mean stellar positions and magnitudes from the first year of observations. For more than 100 000 stars in common with the HIPPARCOS Catalogue it will be possible to compute very accurate proper motions due to the time difference of about 24 years between the two missions. This Hundred Thousand Proper
Popular Abstract in Swedish Förbränning förknippas av många som förlegat. Att utvinna energi genom att ”elda” har människan gjort under årtusenden, men trots det bestod Sveriges totala energiproduktion 2004 till 52 % av förbränning. De flesta bilar, båtar, flyg och i vissa fall även tåg utnyttjar den kemiskt lagrade energin i fossila bränslen. Uppvärmningen av bostäder är inte heller att förringa,The thesis work, aimed at the development of laser-spectroscopic detection schemes, consists of three parts, concerned with the development and application of different techniques. The development of UV filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) for thermometry and fuel/air ratio measurements, using a frequency tripled, single-longitudinal-mode alexandrite laser at ~254 nm together with an isotopically en
The ALICE Collaboration at the LHC has measured the J/psi and psi' photoproduction at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. The charmonium is identified via its leptonic decay for events where the hadronic activity is required to be minimal. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 23 mu b(-1). The cross secti
Nanotechnology is an evolving scientific field that has allowed the manufacturing of materials with novel physicochemical and biological properties, offering a wide spectrum of potential applications. Properties of nanoparticles that contribute to their usefulness include their markedly increased surface area in relation to mass, surface reactivity and insolubility, ability to agglomerate or chang
This study examines the exposure of the members of supplier networks to two layers of social influences. First, as the network connects an actor to a foreign constellation, the actor faces influences of a global character. Second, each individual actor experiences different forces emanating from its indigenous institutional environment. The exposure to two institutional practices presents a conund
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes är en grupp av sjukdomar som kännetecknas av förhöjda halter av glukos (socker) i blodet. Förekomsten av diabetes ökar i snabb takt i hela världen. År 2011 var 366 miljoner människor drabbade av diabetes, och denna siffra beräknas till 522 miljoner år 2030 om ingen avgörande åtgärd genomförs. Typ 2 diabetes är den vanligaste formen av diabetes och utgör ungefärThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. T2D is a heterogeneous disease caused by a complex interplay between multiple genetic, epigenetic and non-genetic factors. The disease is characterised by impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Mitochondrial ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is known to play
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bihåleinflammation (rinosinuit) definieras som inflammation av näsans och bihålornas slemhinna. Akut rinosinuit är den femte vanligaste orsaken till antibiotikaförskrivning. Kronisk rinosinuit verkar vara ett ökande hälsoproblem, som drabbar drygt 9% av Europas befolkning och innebär en stor belastning på hälsoekonomin. Amerikanska studier har visat att rinosinuit påverRhinosinusitis is defined as an inflammatory process involving the mucosa of the nose and one or more of the paranasal sinuses. The aims of the work presented in this thesis were to investigate the degree to which rhinosinusitis affects the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and to determine whether the diagnosis of this condition can be improved using Doppler ultrasound. The HRQOL of 207 pa
Background The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is involved in several diseases and patho- physiological states, such as Alzheimer’s disease and hydrocephalus. Previous studies CSF dynamics in the brain show that the flow of the CSF depends on cardiac pulsation, time of day and respiration. Methods In this thesis, the validity of using real time phase contrast MRI in order to study CSF flow is evaluated
Utländska offentliga pensionsinstitut som får utdelningar från svenska företag beskattas i Sverige med kupongskatt på upp till 30 procent av utdelningens bruttobelopp. De inhemska motsvarigheterna, AP-fonderna, är statliga myndigheter och omfattas av statens skattebefrielse enligt inkomstskattelagen. Denna skillnad i beskattning av utdelningar har gett upphov till ett fördragsbrottsärende mot SverForeign public pension funds receiving dividends from Swedish companies are in Sweden subject to withholding tax of up to 30 percent of the gross amount of the dividends. The domestic equivalents, the Swedish governmental pension funds, the AP-funds, are exempt from income tax as they are a part of the Swedish state. This difference in taxation has given rise to infringement proceedings against Sw
This thesis examines the underlying causes of the ethnic conflict in Myanmar through an analysis of how British rule impacted Myanmar and its subsequent development and ethnic fragmentation. This has been done in order to find out if British colonialism might have caused ethnic fragmentation and to test a hypothesis about whether the specific characteristics of how Myanmar was colonised caused thi
On the 24th of February 2022 Russia decided to invade its neighbour Ukraine. On this day Putin delivered a speech in which he described his thoughts and why he deemed it necessary to invade Ukraine. This speech he sought to legitimise the action taken by his regime. This was not the first time since the start of this millennium that Russia invaded a neighbour which in turn raised the question if t
In recent years, several men in Sweden have been acquitted of different sexual offences because the courts deemed that it could have occurred in their sleep. According to a leading expert, several of the Swedish acquitting cases are based on incorrect or irrelevant arguments and reasoning regarding sexsomnia. Therefore, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of how sexsomnia manifests with
Uppsatsen avhandlar den s.k. reglementeringstiden (år 1812-1918) då regleringar infördes för att hindra spridningen av veneriska sjukdomar. Den fokuserar på Stockholm och på hur dessa regleringar drabbade kvinnor under denna tid samt belyser detta ur ett genusperspektiv. Den ger en kort bakgrund till Sverige samt kvinnornas situation under 1800-talet. Sedan avhandlas regleringarna under denna tid The thesis deals with the so-called regulation time (“reglementeringstiden)(in 1812-1918) when regulations were introduced to prevent the spread of venereal diseases. It focuses on Stockholm and how these regulations affected women during this time and highlights this from a gender perspective. It gives a brief background to Sweden and the situation of women in the 19th century. The thesis continu
This is a case study of child marriage in Tanzania aiming to explore how failures to implement laws prohibiting child marriage can be understood in the Tanzanian context. The study is of a qualitative nature and primarily based on interviews with development actors, working on community and national level with the issue of gender based violence and child marriage. A theoretical framework combining
Research show that human trafficking is one of the fastest growing criminal industries today, after narcotics and illegal arms trade (The Polaris Project 2014). The most common victims of human trafficking are stated to be women and children (UNODC 2012). According to the UNICEF (2007), 1,2 million children are estimated to be exposed to trafficking for various exploitative purposes every year aro
