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Soot formation in a reverse-flow partial-oxidation reactor for reforming of gasifier producer gas has been studied. The process was modeled using a detailed reaction mechanism to describe the kinetics of soot formation. The numerical model was validated against experimental data from the literature and showed good agreement with reported data. Nine cases with different gas compositions were simula
Abstract in UndeterminedEnterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are rapidly becoming a de facto standard in business activity. While large and medium-sized companies have the luxury to afford proprietary ERP solutions, small companies are struggling with resource poverty which maybe makes them consider available open source ERP products which are free from licensing fee. However, there is littl
Poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is the most frequently used biodegradable polymer in the controlled release of encapsulated drugs. Understanding the release mechanisms, as well as which factors that affect drug release, is important in order to be able to modify drug release. Drug release from PLGA-based drug delivery systems is however complex. This review focuses on release mechanisms,
Many ICU-patients have memory-gaps which may affect their recovery. A tool in the recovery can be an ICU-diary to explain and clarify thoughts and events from the ICU-period. There are different standards for the content in the ICU-diary. The aim of this study was to identify the preferred content and usefulness of an ICU-diary as described by ICU-patients. METHOD: A descriptive, exploratory co
This article investigates verb placement, especially verb second (V2), in post-puberty L2 learners of two closely related Germanic V2-languages, Swedish and German. Håkansson, Pienemann & Sayehli (2002) have adduced data from L1 Swedish-speaking learners of German in support of the claim that the syntactic property of V2 never transfers from the L1 to L2 interlanguage grammars. Regardless of L
The irritation response of the rabbit eye to trigeminal nerve stimulation, which includes a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB), seems to be due to the release of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). In order to assess the relative importance of these two peptides for the barrier effect, and the role of arachidonic acid metabolites (AAM) in the response, we have st
The current ambition to enlarge the European Union (EU) from fifteen to twenty-seven member states has brought to the fore questions about European integration and its overarching aim. On 7 June, 2001, the Irish people decided not to ratify the Nice Treaty. However, the Irish 'no' was not considered to be an expression of political resentment that could impinge on further development of European i
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur kan man förklara vardagligt tänkande med de kognitiva teorier som finns tillhands idag? Ofta är dessa teorier konstruerade för att kunna förutsäga beteende under kontrollerade omständigheter, som i ett laboratorium. Å andra sidan är det snarare flexibilitet och improvisation som kännetecknar det vardagliga tänkandet. I avhandlingen försöker jag ta reda pa vad man måHow well can we explain natural occurrences of cognitive behaviours given the theoretical frameworks available to us today? The thesis explores what has to be assumed in cognitive theory in order to provide such an explanation, in contrast to being able to predict behaviour under controlled circumstances. The behaviours considered are all of the type described as involving higher level cognition
Popular Abstract in Swedish Utbredningen av besvär som attribueras till elektrisk utrustning respektive kemikalielukter och andra odörer är ännu ej till fullo fastställd. Vidare saknas kunskap om eventuella bakomliggande faktorer för dessa besvärs uppkomst. Syftet med avhandlingen var att undersöka utbredningen av besvär som attribueras till elektriska faktorer, kemikalier och lukter, samt undersSelf-reported annoyance from electrical equipment has been in evidence since the mid-eighties, and the first reports of illness from everyday chemicals arose already in the 1960?s. However, the extent of the problem or the mechanisms behind the development of environmentally related annoyance has not yet been fully established. Increased vulnerability to stress has been suggested to be a possible
Popular Abstract in Swedish I början 1990-talet upptäcktes att det var möjligt att syntetisera så kallad mesoporös silika. Upptäckten fick stor uppmärksamhet då materialen har ett flertal intressanta egenskaper som inkluderar ett stort antal porer med väldefinierad diameter, jämn partikelstorlek och möjligheten att påverka dessa och andra egenskaper. I den här avhandlingen har det mesoporösa siliSeveral aspects related to the mesoporous silica material SBA-15 have been studied through the use of a wide range of experimental techniques, including low voltage high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering and nitrogen sorption. This work contains three parts, which are in many ways overlapping. The first part deals with the formation of SBA-15, it is found that a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Aneurysm är ett sjukdomstillstånd som är känt sedan ca 2000 år före vår tideräkning, och bukaortaaneurysm (bråck på stora kroppspulsådern i buken) beskrivs i publikationer från 1500-talet. På 1800-talet försökte man sig på att behandla med ligering, tyvärr med dåligt resultat, och först på 1920-talet beskrivs den första lyckade ligeringen. Behandling med graftrekonstrukThe incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is increasing. The risk of rupture is related to diameter. However, rupture may occur also in small AAA. To evaluate the size of an aneurysm when related to the predicted normal aortic diameter might be a better predictor of risk. AAA:s, range 40-55 mm were studied in relation to gender. No difference in AAA diameter was found. However, body surfac
In the emerging Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) content dissemination platform, mobile nodes opportunistically exchange content as they meet, with the intent of sharing content among nodes with common interests. During a meeting, nodes can exchange both content of direct interest to themselves as well as content that is of interest to a larger set of nodes that may be encountered in the future. The
Mesoporous cerium dioxide with high crystallinity has been synthesized and studied by TEM, SEM, nitrogen adsorption, PXRD, AFM, and SAXS. The catalytic properties of the materials have been investigated The results of the catalysis experiments were correlated with high resolution TEM investigations of the corresponding material, and it was found that the exposed crystallographic facets play an imp
Nonstoichiometric CuOx/CeO2 nanocomposite particles have been synthesized by inert gas condensation (IGC) over the whole compositional range (2 to 98 at.% Cu). The composition influences greatly the formation of various nanostructures, such as core-shells. A wide range of techniques were used to characterize the catalysts: high-resolution TEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as high-e
Age-associated and degenerative loss of functional integrity in soft tissues develops from effects of cumulative and subtle changes in their extracellular matrix (ECM). The highly ordered tendon ECM provides the tissue with its tensile strength during loading. As age and exercise collude in the high incidence of tendinopathies, we hypothesized that aged tendons fail due to cumulative damage result
Global extinction of a species is sadly irreversible. At a local scale, however, extinctions may be followed by re-invasion. We here show that this is not necessarily the case and that an ecological community may close its doors for re-invasion of species lost from it. Previous studies of how communities are assembled have shown that there may be rules for that process and that limitations are set
Hydrologists are often faced with the problem of missing values in a precipitation-runoff process database to construct runoff prediction models. They tend to use simple and naive methods to deal with the problem of missing data. Thus far, the common practice has been to discard observations with missing values. In this paper, we present some statistically principled methods for gap filling and di
Expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules on islet endothelial cells is a central vascular event in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes. Previous studies demonstrated the ability of other vascular endothelial cells to express HLA and thereby to process islet autoantigens on their surface. We investigated whether the HLA-DQ2/8 genotype, which confers the highest risk for Type 1
A shear-enhanced, cross-flow ultrafiltration module was used to separate cells and proteins from the fermentation broth. Three (fermented) media were studied: rich medium, rich medium with hydrolytic enzymes added after fermentation, and wheat flour hydrolysate. To find a membrane with as high a flux as possible, but still capable of separating cells and proteins from the lactic acid containing br
